低分子量有机酸类物质对红壤和黑土磷有效性的影响  

Effect of low-molecular-weight organic acids on Olsen-P in red soil and black soil

作　　者：孙桂芳[1] 金继运[1] 王玲莉[2] 石元亮[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业部作物营养与施肥重点实验室,北京100081 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2010年第6期1426-1432,共7页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：科技部科技支撑计划重大项目“东北平原中部(吉林)春玉米丰产高效技术集成研究与示范(2006BAD02A10)”资助

摘　　要：在20℃恒温培养条件下,研究低分子量有机酸类的钠钙盐(LA)和低分子量有机酸类与混合氨基酸的钠钙盐(LAA)不同用量水平对红壤和黑土磷有效性的影响。研究表明,两种低分子量有机酸类混合物在各不同水平下均能显著提高红壤和黑土磷有效性;随着培养的进行,添加有LA、LAA的各处理对红壤和黑土中磷有效性均有明显提高。无论是LA或LAA,红壤中以半量处理对提高磷有效性作用效果更为明显,而黑土中则以LAA作用效果更好,且以常量LAA处理的效果最好,常量LA和LAA处理间差异显著。在添加磷肥的基础上,与不加有机酸物质处理(CKp)相比,添加常量LA、LAA和半量LA(0.5 LA)、LAA(0.5 LAA)处理,在红壤中磷固定率平均值分别降低10.5%、22.3%和11.3%、19.4%;在黑土中分别降低8.6%、10.6%和14.1%、11.8%。LA和LAA对降低红壤和黑土磷固定率效果显著,红壤以半量处理的效果较好,黑土则以常量LAA处理效果最好。An incubation experiment was conducted to study the effect of two different mixtures of organic acids on availability of P in a red soil（RS） from Jiangxi and a black soil（BS） from Jilin.One mixture was low-molecular-weight organic acids（LA）,the other was low-molecular-weight organic acids which was mixed with selected amino acids（LAA） under different levels.The results showed that different levels of LA and LAA improved Olsen-P level significantly in Jiangxi red soil and Jilin black soils compared to their corresponding control treatment（CKp）.Treatments of half rate of LA（0.5 LA） and LAA（0.5 LAA） were more effective than treatments with normal rate of LA and LAA in Jiangxi red soil.Treatments with normal rate of LAA were more effective than treatments with normal rate of LA in red soil,while the treatments with normal rate of LAA was the most effective in Jilin black soil.On average,compared to the treatment of CKp,LA,0.5LA,LAA,and 0.5LAA decreased P fixation rates by 10.5%,22.3%,11.3% and 19.4%,respectively in Jiangxi red soil,and by 8.6%,10.6%,14.1% and 11.8%,respectively in Jilin black soil.In a word,LA and LAA could reduce P fixation rates significantly in red soil and Jilin black soil.Treatments with half rate of LA or LAA（0.5LA and 0.5LAA） were more effective than that with normal rate in the red soil,while normal rate treatment of LAA showed better than other treatments in Jilin black soil.

关 键 词：低分子量有机酸 氨基酸 有效磷 磷固定率 红壤 黑土 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]