不同滴灌方式下棉花生物量和产量的水氮调控效应  

Regulation effect of water and nitrogen on cotton biomass and yield under different drip irrigation patterns

作　　者：李培岭[1] 张富仓[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学工学院,南昌330045 [2]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2010年第11期2814-2820,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：江西农业大学博士科研启动基金项目(3133);国家自然科学基金项目(50879073)资助

摘　　要：通过3个水平的灌水量和施氮量(低、中、高)的田间试验,研究了田间不同滴灌方式下棉花生物量和产量的水氮调控效应.结果表明:在1带4行、2带4行、2带6行滴灌模式下灌水量由低(分别为90、140、140mm)到中(分别为150、200、200mm)时,地上部干物质量分别提高9.2%、37.9%和23.5%,籽棉产量分别提高19.1%、14.1%和16.0%;灌水量由中到高(分别为210、260、260mm)时,地上部干物质量分别提高15.8%、19.1%和16.7%,籽棉产量分别提高7.7%、11.2%和9.5%.施氮量由低(67.6kg·hm-2)到中(95.2kg·hm-2)时,地上部干物质量2带4行模式提高14.3%,籽棉产量1带4行模式提高22.2%,其他模式无显著变化;施氮量由中到高(122.8kg·hm-2)时,籽棉产量3种模式分别提高7.4%、13.9%和9.9%,地上部干物质量无显著变化.与1带4行和2带6行模式相比,2带4行模式地上部干物质量和籽棉产量的水氮调控效应更明显,相同水氮处理下2带4行地上部干物质量和籽棉产量均高于2带6行和1带4行.表明2带4行是最有利于滴灌棉花田间水氮管理的模式.Three levels（low,medium,and high） of irrigation amount and nitrogen application rate were installed in a field experiment to study the regulation effect of water and nitrogen on the cotton biomass and yield under different drip irrigation patterns.Under the irrigation patterns 1 lateral 4 rows,2 laterals 4 rows,and 2 laterals 6 rows,when the irrigation amount increased from low（90,140,and 140 mm） to medium level（150,200,and 200 mm）,the aboveground dry biomass was increased by 9.2%,37.9%,and 23.5%,and the seed yield was increased by 19.1%,14.1%,and 16.0%,respectively.When the irrigation amount increased from medium to high level（210,260,and 260 mm）,the aboveground dry biomass was increased by 15.8%,19.1%,and 16.7%,and the seed yield was increased by 7.7%,11.2%,and 9.5%,respectively.When the nitrogen application rate changed from low（67.6 kg·hm-2） to medium level（95.2 kg·hm-2）,the aboveground dry biomass under irrigation pattern 2 laterals 4 rows was increased by 14.3%,the seed yield under irrigation pattern 1 lateral 4 rows was increased by 22.2%,while these two parameters under other irrigation patterns had no significant change.When the nitrogen application rate changed from medium to high level（122.8 kg·hm-2）,the seed yield under the irrigation patterns 1 lateral 4 rows,2 laterals 4 rows,and 2 laterals 6 rows was increased by 7.4%,13.9%,and 9.9%,respectively,but the aboveground dry biomass had no significant change.Comparing with that under the irrigation patterns 1 lateral 4 rows and 2 laterals 6 rows,the regulation effect of water and nitrogen on the aboveground dry biomass and seed yield under irrigation pattern 2 laterals 4 rows was more apparent.As for the same water and nitrogen treatments,the aboveground dry biomass and seed yield were higher under the irrigation pattern 2 laterals 4 rows,suggesting that this drip irrigation pattern was most appropriate to the water-and nitrogen management of cotton field.

关 键 词：滴灌模式 棉花 生物量 产量 水氮调控效应 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]