不同源叶对地膜甜菜产量和糖分积累的影响  

Effect of Difference Resource Leaf to Yield and Qualityin Sugarbeet Groundcovered with Plastic Film

作　　者：危常州[1] 刘日明[1] 吴存刚[1] 肖华[1] 朱继正[1] 雷永雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学新疆作物高产研究中心

出　　处：《西北农业学报》1999年第2期66-69,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家"九五"重点科技攻关项目

摘　　要：通过摘叶处理研究了地膜甜菜不同源叶（组）对产量和含糖量的作用。结果表明，不同叶组对地膜甜菜块根膨大的贡献依次为：第１１～１５叶＞第１６～２０叶＞第２１～２５叶＞第２６～３０叶＞第３１～３５叶＞第３６～４０叶。对块根糖分积累贡献依次为：第３１～３５叶＞第３６～４０叶＞第２６～３０叶＞第２１～２５叶＞第１６～２０叶＞第１１～１５叶。对单株甜菜产糖量的贡献为：第１１～１５叶＞第３１～３５叶＞第１６～２０叶＞第２１～２５叶＞第２６～３０叶＞第３６～４０叶。前期叶片损失使青头比例显著增加，后期叶片损失青头重量和青头比例有所降低。光合测定结果表明，摘叶后单株光合、水分利用效率显著下降，呼吸强度也有下降的趋势。群体光合测定结果表明，摘除第１１～２５叶在叶丛繁茂期—块根膨大期净光合强度下降最多，摘除第３１～４０叶后，叶片在糖分积累期净光合强度下降最多，表明它们分别是叶丛繁茂期—块根膨大期和块根膨大期的主要功能叶。By the method of cutting different leaf group from sugarbeet plants, a study on the effect of different leaf group to roottuber yield and sugar content were performed. The results indicated that the order of different leaf group contributed to roottuber growth is No. 11￣15, 16 ￣20, 21￣25, 26￣30, 31￣35, 36￣40. As far as their importance for sugar accumulation is concerned, the order is No. 31￣35, 36￣40,26￣30, 21￣25, 16￣20, 11￣15. and the order of their importance to sugar yield per single plant is No.11￣15, 31￣35, 16￣20, 21￣25, 26￣ 30, 36￣40. Those results demonstrated that No.11￣15 and 31￣35 leaf is the most important function leaf in sugarbeet groundcovered with plastic in Shihezi region. The results also showed that early leaf lost resulted in high rootcrown proportion but while lately leaf group lost, the rootcrown ratio even decreased. Photosynthesis test showed that after leaf groups were cut up, the photosynthesis ratio, water usage efficiency and respiration ratio tend to decrease. Canopy apparent photosynthesis (CAP) test showed that as No.11￣15 leaf were cut up, CAP was most significantly affected on the period of leaf flourishing. Whereas as No.31￣35 leaf were cut up, CAP was most significantly affected on the period of sugar accumulation. This showed that they are main function leaves in the period of leaf flourishing and sugar accumulation period respectively.

关 键 词：地膜甜菜 源叶 产量 含糖量 地膜覆盖栽培 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学] S316