鄂尔多斯东胜地区土地覆盖的景观格局  

Parallel analysis on vegetation landscape pattern of different eco-functional areas in Dongsheng region of Erdos

作　　者：王再岚[1,2] 智颖飙[3,4] 李政海[1,5] 张荷亮[1] EMMY Komad 刘玉虹 马文红[1] 张建平[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [2]中国人民大学环境学院,北京100872 [3]安徽大学生命科学学院,安徽合肥230039 [4]南京大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210093 [5]大连民族学院生命科学学院,辽宁大连116600 [6]美国旧金山中国文化研究中心,美国旧金山94102

出　　处：《安徽大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第6期101-108,共8页Journal of Anhui University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：中国博士后基金资助项目(20060400551);农业部草地开放实验室基金资助项目(204033);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(200508010522);内蒙古自治区人才基金资助项目(205901);内蒙古自治区环境保护局科学基金资助项目(204063)

摘　　要：利用ETM影像数据,通过遥感软件、地理信息系统软件进行多通道合成、几何校正和空间分析,并运用景观指数对鄂尔多斯东胜地区土地覆盖景观格局进行定量分析和评判.结果表明:研究区的植被景观类型可划分为18种.典型草原丘陵区的斑块数为921,平均斑块面积18km2,分维数为2.7125,景观分离度指数为4.4208;典型草原丘陵区受人为干扰和其他外力作用最小,存在优势景观类型;典型草原沙化区平均斑块面积10km2,分维数为4.1421,景观分离度指数为7.1829,最大缀块指数0.0153;荒漠草原区平均斑块面积13km2,分维数变动范围为-166.58～25.36,景观分离度指数为10.2243,最大缀块指数0.0156;城镇区分维数为1.91,景观分离度指数为0.10,最大缀块指数为0.8545.典型草原沙化区的景观多样性、景观破碎度最大,景观形状指数、景观隔离度和景观均匀度最高,景观优势度最低;荒漠草原区的景观优势度最大,景观均匀度最小;典型草原丘陵区景观破碎度和景观隔离度最小;典型草原平原区的景观多样性和景观形状指数最低.土地利用和土地覆盖变化是影响景观结构、功能及动态的主导因素之一.该结果可为生态脆弱区生物修复和生态保育提供案例借鉴.This study made use of ETM via remote sensing software,geographical information systems software and channel composition,geometry corrections and space analysis,and adopted varied landscape indexes to assess the combined landscape pattern analysis of the Erdos Dongsheng area.The results indicated18 categories of landscape vegetation.The average patch area of hilly steppe patch number 921,representative of a typical steppe area as indicated by minimal human disturbance or external force,was 18 km2 with a fractal dimension of 2.712 5 and landscape isolation index of 4.420 8.In the average plaque area desertified zones stood at 10 km2 with a fractal dimension of 4.142 1 and landscape isolation index of 7.182 9 with a largest patch index of 0.015 3.Desert grassland average plaque area stood at 13 km2 with fractal dimension changes in the range of-166.58-25.36,a landscape isolation index of 10.224 3,and a largest patch index of 0.015 6.Urban distinction dimensions stood at 1.91 with a landscape isolation index of 0.10 and a largest patch index of 0.854 5.Highest landscapes illustrated typical diversity,fragmentation,shape index,isolation,and uniformity throughout steppe and desert regions.Desert grassland illustrated thoroughly advantageous characteristics in minimal landscape evenness;typical hilly grasslands showed fragmentation and a landscape isolation minimum;and typical steppe plain landscape diversity and landscape shape index was the lowest in these areas.Land use and land cover changes affect the landscape structure,function and dynamics of the dominant factors,which necessitates ecological restoration and conservation of vulnerable areas to provide biological reference cases.

关 键 词：植被 景观格局 土地覆盖 耦合 鄂尔多斯 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学]