主动保育:农业环境保护的生态文明出路  

A New Perspective on Rural Environment Protection in the Framework of Eco-Civilization

作　　者：刘侃[1] 栾胜基[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院环境与能源学院城市人居环境科学与技术重点实验室,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《生态经济》2010年第12期148-150,184,共4页Ecological Economy

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目"新农村建设环境污染控制与管理配套技术研究"(2007BAC16B04)

摘　　要：工业文明所持有的机械世界观是生态危机的根源所在,也是农业环境问题的根源所在。生态危机的解决需要一种文明范式的转型。建立于有机世界观之上的生态文明借用生态学的基本概念,将人和自然放置于同一巨系统中进行考虑,旨在重构人与自然的和谐,实现系统的可持续发展。生态文明视角强调农业活动与自然环境的关联性。农业作为人与自然环境交互界面上的活动,不仅仅具有生产功能,更具有生态功能。而自然环境不是单纯的基本农业生产资料的提供者,其同时也反作用于人类的生产生活。因此,未来农业环境保护需要采用主动保育的做法。一方面,制定相应的政策发挥农业对环境的正外部性;另一方面,对农业环境给予人文关怀,让其休养生息。Mechanical world view,which is the foundation of industrial civilization,results for current ecological crisis and the current agricultural environment issues.Instead,eco-civilization is built on an organic view and borrows the basic concept from ecology.It focuses on the interaction between human being and nature,and aims to reconstruct the harmony between these two sub-systems.In the framework of eco-civilization,agriculture and agricultural environment are close related with each other.On the one hand,agriculture bridges nature and human being.It has ecological function,besides the productive function.On the other hand,nature is not only a provider for basic productive materials,but also influences on human＇s production and life.Therefore,rural environmental protection in the future should adopt proactive conservation approaches,including designing proper policies to promote the positive externalities of agricultural production,and allowing nature to rehabilitate with the help of advanced technologies.

关 键 词：机械世界观 生态文明 农业环境 主动保育 

分 类 号：F323.22[经济管理—产业经济]