海南蔗区甘蔗病害种类及发生情况  

Primary Investigation to Sugarcane on the Diseases in Hainan Province

作　　者：熊国如[1] 李增平[2] 赵婷婷[1] 蔡文伟[1] 王俊刚[1] 王文治[1] 冯翠莲[1] 张雨良[1] 张树珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海南海口571101 [2]海南大学环境与植物保护学院,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2010年第9期1588-1595,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(nycytx-24);中央级公益科研院所基本科研业务费(ITBBZD1022);中央级公益科研院所基本科研业务费(ITBBZD0724)资助

摘　　要：通过1年来对海南甘蔗产区8个县(市)28个乡镇进行病害调查,初步明确了海南甘蔗病害种类。共发现病害31种,其中由病原真菌引起的病害有19种,由病原细菌引起的病害有3种,由病毒引起的病害2种和由线虫引起的病害3种及由于甘蔗生长期出现的缺氮、缺磷、缺钾、缺钙等生理性病害4种。在这些病害中,甘蔗黑穗病(Ustilago scitaminea Sydow.)、赤腐病(Colletotrichum fuleatum Went.)、黄斑病(Mycovellosiella koepkei(Kruger)Deighton.)、轮斑病(Leptosphaeria sacchari Breda de Haan)、梢腐病(Gibberella fujikuroi(Sawada)Wollenw)、宿根矮化病(Clavibacter xyli subsp.xyli Davis)和甘蔗黄叶病(Sugarcane yellow-leaf virus,SCYLV)、花叶病(Sugarcane mosaic virus,SCMV)最为普遍,而对甘蔗生产产生主要影响的是甘蔗黑穗病和甘蔗花叶病。总结甘蔗苗期、生长中期及后期发生的各类主要病害,对指导海南蔗区甘蔗生产具有重要的意义。Sugarcane diseases were surveyed in 28 towns,8 counties in Hainan Province.The types of diseases on sugarcane in Hainan were clear.More than 30 kinds of diseases were discovered,19 kinds of fungal diseases,3 kinds of bacterial diseases,3 kinds of virus diseases,other nematodes diseases and some physiological diseases such as nitrogen deficiency,phosphorus deficiency and potassium deficiency.Ustilago scitaminea Sydow.,Colletotrichum fuleatum Went.,Mycovellosiella koepkei（Krüger） Deighton.,Leptosphaeria sacchari Breda de Haan.,Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon.,Clavibacter xyli subsp.Xyli Davis etc,and Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus,Sugarcane mosaic virus were widely spread.However,Ustilago scitaminea Sydow.and Sugarcane mosaic virus most severely reduced the sugarcane yield.In addition,diseases occurring in different growth phase are concluded,which is important on sugarcane production.

关 键 词：海南 甘蔗 病害种类 

分 类 号：S435.661[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]