两性离子降粘剂AMTA性能研究  

Study on properties of amphion thinning agent

作　　者：徐燕莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学应用化学系

出　　处：《北京化工大学学报（自然科学版）》1999年第1期80-83,共4页Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：通过对已合成的新型、高效两性离子降粘剂ＡＭＴＡ（ａｍｐｈｉｏｎｔｈｉｎｎｉｎｇａｇｅｎｔ）在粘土表面的吸附量、Ｚｅｔａ电位、以及对不同类型钻井液降粘率的测定并与ＳＳＭＡ所得到的结果进行比较。发现ＡＭＴＡ很容易被吸附在粘土表面，饱和吸附量达５０ｍｇ／ｇ，并且对粘土的（ζ）影响不大，对粘土的水化分散有一定的抑制作用，在粘土浆和聚合物浆中，均有很高的降粘率。这是由于ＡＭＴＡ分子结构中有季胺阳离子存在，因此在粘土浆中很容易吸附在粘土片带负电荷的平表面上，拆散粘土颗粒间形成的卡片房子结构加上抑制粘土水化分散而降粘；加入ＡＭＴＡｗ为０１％时，降粘率达９０％以上。在聚合物浆中ＡＭＴＡ通过季胺阳离子对粘片带负电荷的平表面上的强吸附而将聚合物从粘土上顶替下来，拆散粘土与聚合物间的空间网状结构而降粘。加入ＡＭＴＡｗ为０１％时降粘率达６０％以上。The thinning mechanism of the new and highly efficient thinning agent AMTA(amphion thinning agent) has been studied. Due to the existance of the quanternary ammonium cations in its chain, AMTA can be adsorbed on the surface of clay particles. The saturation adsorption amount was 50mg/g. AMTA had little effect on |ζ| of clay, and |ζ| SSMA >|ζ| AMTA . In the fresh water clay mud, AMTA was adsorbed on the flat surfaces of clay particles with negative charges and on the edges with positive charges by Its quaternary ammonium groups and anion groups. After the adsorption, the card house like structure built by clay particles were taken apart and the viscosity of the mud decreated drastically. The decrease index was over 90% in the fresh water clay mud when the amount of AMTA was only 0 1%. For the fresh water polymer clay drilling fluid, AMTA was adsorbed on the surfaces of clay particles by the strong coulomb force between the quaternary cations of AMTA and the flat surface of clay particles with negative charges and replaced the polymers adsorbed on the surfaces of clay particles by hydrogen bonds. So that the space net structure of polymer clay was destroyed, and its viscosity decreased. The decrease index was over 60% with 0 1% addition of AMTA.

关 键 词：两性离子 降粘剂 AMTA 钻井液 泥浆 

分 类 号：TE254.4[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]