机构地区:[1]中山大学附属第二医院急诊科,510120 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院,510080 [3]福建省急救中心,350002 [4]青海省医疗紧急救援中心,810007 [5]广州市急救医疗指挥中心,510060 [6]武汉市急救中心,430022 [7]天津市急救中心,300041 [8]海口市120急救中心,570208 [9]中山市急救中心,528403 [10]重庆市急救医疗中心,400014
出 处:《新医学》2010年第11期708-711,770,F0003,共6页Journal of New Medicine
基 金:卫生部临床重点项目(2007-353);中山大学5010项目(2007019)
摘 要:目的:调查中国大中城市院前死亡患者流行病学情况,探讨院前死亡病例特点.方法:从中国8个大中城市急救中心系统数据库中导出2008年度全部死亡数据,对有完整记录的资料进行统计分析.结果:①12 568例院前死亡者调度时间、到达时间、现场时间、返回时间、总时间、急救半径分别为(2.10±1.08) min、(13.68±7.14) min、(25.25±12.34) min、(13.75±6.48) min、(54.74±25.47) min、(7.86±3.91) km;院前非心脏性猝死组分别为(2.09±1.03) min、(13.58±6.78) min、(25.53±12.34) min、(13.60±6.54) min、(53.79±23.77) min、(7.67±3.86) km,院前心脏性猝死组分别为(2.12±1.02) min、(14.10±7.05) min、(24.79±12.08) min、(13.79±6.61) min、(54.80±25.36) min、(7.90±3.92) km.院前非心脏性猝死组与院前心脏性猝死组到达时间、现场时间、出车总时间、急救半径比较差异均有统计学意义 (P〈0.05或0.01).②院前死亡总体、院前非心脏性猝死组、院前心脏性猝死组的病例数月份及季节分布以2月份、第一季度为最多,日时间段分布以8:00~10:00为最多.③院前死亡患者中循环系统、其他、呼吸系统、神经系统、消化系统类的死亡数分别位居第一、二、四、五、八,均以51岁(尤其是70岁)以上的中老年阶段最多,其中循环系统类中心脏性猝死死亡最多;创伤、中毒类的死亡分别位居第三、六,均以21~50岁青壮年阶段最多.④男性院前死亡数及院前心脏性猝死数均明显多于女性.⑤院前心脏性猝死占循环系统类死亡的绝大部分(67.33%),目击者现场心肺复苏(CPR)为4.46%,医护人员现场CPR成功率2.21%.结论:①心脏性猝死是中国大中城市最常见的院前死亡原因.②加强心脑血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病防治,提高中老年患者的常见急危重症早期识别与院前急救水平以及普及公众CPR对降Objective: To investigate the epidemiological information of pre-hospital deaths in large and medium-sized cities of China. Methods: Data of pre-hospital deaths in 2008 were exported from computer databases of emergency medical centers of 8 large and medium-sized cities in China. The thorough records of death data was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: ① The scheduling time, running time, rescue time, returning time, total time and service radius in death group were ( 2. 10 ± 1.08 ) min, ( 13.68 ± 7. 14) min, (25.25 ± 12. 34) min, ( 13.75 ±6. 48)min, (54. 74±25.47) min and(7.86±3.91 )kin, respectively, while those were(2. 09 ± 1.03)min, ( 13. 58 ± 6. 78) min, (25.53 ± 12. 34) min, ( 13.60±6. 54) min, (53.79 ± 23.77 ) rain and (7. 67 ± 3.86) km, respectively, in non-sudden cardiac death group and (2. 12 ± 1.02) min, ( 14. 10 ± 7. 05 ) min, (24. 79±12. 08) min, ( 13.79 ± 6. 61 ) min, ( 54. 80 ± 25.36 ) min and ( 7, 90 ± 3.92 ) km, respectively, in sudden cardiac death group. Except for scheduling time and returning time, there were significant differences in running time, rescue time, total time and service radius between non-sudden cardiac death group and sudden cardiac death group (P 〈 0. 05 or 0. 01 ). ② Pre-hospital deaths were most frequent in February by month, in first quarter by season, and during 8:00 - 10: 00. ③ Death of circulatory system diseases, other diseases, respiratory system diseases, neurologic diseases and digestive system diseases were the 1^ st, 2^nd, 4^th, 5^th, 8^th leading causes of pre-hospital deaths, respectively, with most of them aged over 51 ( especially over 70). Moreover, sudden cardiac death was the leading cause of deaths of circulatory system. The deaths of trauma and poisoning represented the 3^th, 6^th leading causes of pre-hospital deaths, respectively, with most of them aged 21 -50. ④ Significantly more male sudden cardiac death was observed than fem
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