球茎大麦在大麦育种上的应用研究 Ⅱ.球茎大麦向栽培大麦的种质转移  

Use of Hordeum bulbosum in Barley Breeding Ⅱ. Germplasm Transfer from Hordeum bulbosum to H. vulgare

作　　者：李浩兵[1] 张德玉[1] 仲裕泉[1] 黄友圣[2] 许如根[2] 吕超[2] 黄志仁[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院遗传生理研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]扬州大学农学院农学系,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《作物学报》1999年第4期418-423,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;江苏省应用基础项目资助

摘　　要：本文介绍栽培大麦（2x）与球茎大麦（4x）种间杂种的产生及其细胞学鉴定结果。二者杂交成胚率平均可达48.43％,胚培成苗率平均可达25.64％。杂种F_1染色体数为21,通过C-带鉴定表明,7条为母本栽培大麦染色体、14条为父本球茎大麦染色体。F_1花粉母细胞中染色体构型:单价体4～7个、三价体l～3个,其余为二价体。杂种植株形态为父本球茎大麦型,冬性强、发育慢、分蘖多。以杂种F_1胚培苗花粉能育单株为父本,以苏啤1号为母本进行回交,得到7个回交一代株系BC_1—1～BC_1—7,将 BC_1F_2种子播种在大麦黄花叶病病圃中进行抗病鉴定,结果 BC_1—2F_2的2个株系和BC_1—5F_2的2个株系高抗黄花叶病。对BC_1—2F_3的同功酶分析和C-带鉴定,表明抗病株系中确有来自球茎大麦的遗传物质,对抗病株系的抗性基因的遗传规律的研究表明,抗性由一对显性基因控制,并与栽培大麦中已知的抗性基因不等位,可能为一种新的基因。The interspecific hybrid between Hordeum vulgare (2x) and H. bulbosum (4x) and its cytological analysis was reported in this paper. On average, 48.43% of the pollinated spikelets formed embryos, and 28. 6% of immature embryos generated into seedlings in vitro. The root tip chromosome number of hybrid F1 was 21, C-banding showed that 7 chromosomes of F1 came from H. vulgare and 14 from H. bulbosum. In the pollen mother cell of F1, there were univalents 4~7, trivalents 1~3, the other were bivalents. The morphological character of hybrid plant is similar to that of paternal parent H. bulbosum. The resulting triploids were back-crossed to the diploid barley 'Supie No. 1', and seven BQ plants were obtained. In disease nursery field, two lines of BC1-2F2 and two lines of BC1-5F2 showed high resistence to BaYMV. The analysis of specific isozyme marker and C-banding pattern for BC1-2F3 plants showed that the BaYMV resistant lines had genetic material from H. bulbosum; and the resistance was controlled by a pair of dominent gene which differs from the known resistant gene in barley cultivar.

关 键 词：栽培大麦 球茎大麦 种间杂种 种质 大麦 育种 

分 类 号：S512.303[农业科学—作物学]