关中平原农户冬小麦养分资源投入的调查与分析  

Investigation and Analysis of Winter Wheat Nutrients Resource Inputting in Guanzhong Area

作　　者：赵护兵[1] 王朝辉[1] 高亚军[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2010年第6期1135-1139,共5页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2008BADA4B09);农业公益性行业科研专项(200803030);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助

摘　　要：为了解目前我国化肥用量的现状和农民养分资源投入中存在的问题,在关中平原冬小麦种植区域选取3个区/县进行了冬小麦养分资源投入的调查分析。结果表明,2009年小麦产量适中的农户占38.3%;偏低的农户占26.7%;很低的农户占22.5%;偏高的农户占11.7%;很高的农户占0.8%。冬小麦的纯N平均用量为191.0 kg·hm^(-2);P_2O_5平均用量为129.9 kg·hm^(-2);K_2O平均用量为43.8 kg·hm^(-2)。氮肥投入量适中的农户占12.5%;偏低的农户占17.5%;很低的农户占20%;偏高的农户占11.7%;很高的农户占38.3%。磷肥投入量适中的农户占8.3%;偏低的农户占37.5%;很低的农户占19.2%;偏高的农户占23.3%;很高的农户占11.7%。钾肥投入量适中的农户占6.7%;偏低的占5.0%;很低的占85.8%;偏高的占1.7%;很高的占0.8%。养分资源投入以无机养分为主,有机养分为辅;投入形式以基施为主。According to status of chemical fertilizer applying amount increased sharply as well as nutrients resource input problems of Chinese farmers,winter wheat nutrients resource inputting investigation and analysis were carried out on 3 counties in Guanzhong area,Shaanxi province in 2009.The obtained result showed that winter wheat yield for 38.3 percent of farmers was in the average,26.7 percent was lower,22.5 percent was the lowest,11.7 percent was higher,0.8 percent was the highest. Average pure N applying amount of winter wheat was 191.0 kg·hm^（-2）,P_2O_5 applying amount was 129.9 kg·hm^（-2）,K_2O was 43.8 kg·hm^（-2）.For N applying amount,12.5 percent of farmers was suitable,17.5 percent was lower,20.0 percent was the lowest,11.7 percent was higher,38.3 percent was the highest.For P_2O_5 applying amount,8.3 percent of farmers was suitable,37.5 percent was lower,19.2 percent was the lowest,23.3 percent was higher,11.7 percent was the highest.For K_2O applying amount,6.7 percent of farmers was suitable,5.0 percent was lower,85.8 percent was the lowest,1.7 percent was higher,0.8 percent was the highest.Chemical fertilizer is the main nutrients resource used for winter wheat,organic manure is the supplementary.Most of fertilizers were used as base application.

关 键 词：冬小麦 关中平原 养分投入 产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311