执雀外道非婆薮仙辨  

Identifying the heretic figure who has holding a bird

作　　者：王惠民[1] 

机构地区：[1]敦煌研究院考古研究所,甘肃敦煌736200

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2010年第1期1-7,共7页Dunhuang Research

摘　　要：现存北朝至唐初佛教造像中,在佛座两侧有五十多组执雀外道和持骷髅外道,持骷髅外道已经确定为鹿头梵志,而执雀外道一般比定为"婆薮仙",但存在许多疑点。本文从《俱舍论记》等佛教文献中查得执雀外道是裸形外道尼乾子,而非"婆薮仙"。尼乾子执雀问佛生死,佛以无言对待挑战;鹿头梵志持罗汉骷髅难定因果轮回,佛为解答,显示佛的智慧与佛法的精深,因而在佛教造像中广泛存在。Among the existent images in Buddhist arts from period of the Northern Dynasties to Early Tang,there are more than 50 pairs of images flanking Buddha＇s throne whose hand holding a bird and a skull respectively.The one holding a skull has been identified as Mrgasirsa,while the other has a bird in his hand is commonly known as Vasistha,but there are some doubts about the figure.This paper suggests that the figure probable is the one naked and heretics Nirgrantha-putra rather than Vasistha.The conclusion was made based on Buddhist textual research,as Notice on Abhidharmakosa-sāstra.Nirgrantha-putra,according to the text,the one held a bird was asking Buddha question about life and death,Buddha responded with silence while Mrgasirsa held the skull was wondering how to determine the Karma and transmigration of the arhats,Buddha answered his question.This description answering to the profundity of Buddha＇s wisdom and law,thus was adopted and represented in Buddhist arts extensively.

关 键 词：婆薮仙 鹿头梵志 尼乾子 执雀外道 

分 类 号：K879.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] B948[历史地理—历史学]