我国西南地区辣椒砷污染状况及其影响因素  

Chili arsenic contamination in southwest China and its influencing factors

作　　者：王明国[1,2] 李社红[1] 李波[1] 朱建明[1] 肖唐付[1] 郑宝山[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002 [2]中国科学院研究生院

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2010年第6期645-648,共4页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

基　　金：国家重大基础研究前期研究专（2006CB708513）;贵州省自然科学基金（黔科合J字[2006]2015号）

摘　　要：目的 了解我国西南地区辣椒含砷量分布和辣椒品种、制干方式、储存时间等因素对其的影响,以及辣椒中含砷、硒的相关性.方法自我国西南9个地区76个县（市）的市场、农户家采集干辣椒样品272个,新鲜辣椒及对应土壤样品76组,并采集我国其他地区及国外辣椒样品36个作为对比.所采样品均记录其制干方式、储存时间,并按照Bailey标准对辣椒品种进行分类.采用氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定辣椒含砷量,酸消解原子荧光光谱法测定辣椒含硒量,水浴消解原子荧光光谱法测定土壤含砷量.结果我国西南地区干辣椒含砷量中位数为106.9μg/kg,范围为0.2～16 637.3 μg/kg;新鲜辣椒含砷量中位数为0.2 μg/kg（干重）,范围为0.2～295.8 μg/kg.不同制干方式与储存时间的辣椒含砷量中位数由高到低依次为：往年煤火烘干的辣椒（197.3 μg/kg）、往年晒干的辣椒（130.7μg/kg）、当年煤火烘干的辣椒（94.1 μg/kg）、当年晒干的辣椒（55.5μg/kg）.不同品种辣椒晒干样品含砷量中位数由高到低依次为：簇生椒（101.5 μg/kg）、樱桃椒（95.6μg/g）、圆锥椒（86.8 μg/kg）、长椒（47.1μg/kg）;而煤火烘干样品含砷量中位数由高到低依次为：樱桃椒（275.5μg/kg）、簇生椒（173.0 μg/kg）、圆锥椒（164.3μg/kg）、长椒（136.8 μg/kg）.我国其他地区和土耳其的辣椒样含砷量中位数（125.8 112.3μg/kg）略高于我国西南地区;美国、法国及其他国家的辣椒样含砷量中位数（29.4、54.1、85.3μg/kg）明显低于我国西南地区.新鲜辣椒与其对应的土壤含砷量无显著性相关关系（r=0.010,P＞0.05）.辣椒含砷量与含硒量间存在显著的正相关关系（r=0.616,P＜0.05）.结论我国西南地区干辣椒含砷量明显高于新鲜辣椒,不同品种、制干方式和储存时间的辣椒含砷量不同,部分辣椒存在着一定程度的砷、硒同时污染.Objective To determine the distribution and influencing factors（dehydration method, storage time and chili varieties） of arsenic contents in chilies from southwest China, and the relationship between arsenic content and selenium content in chilies. Methods There were 272 dried chili samples, 76 groups of fresh chili samples and its corresponding soil samples, which were collected from the markets and peasant households in 76 counties of 9 regions in southwest China, and 36 dried chilies from other regions in China and abroad as a comparison. Their dehydration methods and storage time were investigated. The chilies were classified by Bailey Criteria. Arsenic content and selenium content in chilies were determined with hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Arsenic content in soils were determined with water bath hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrum. Results Their ranges of arsenic content in dried chili and fresh chili were 0.2 - 16 637.3,0.2 - 295.8 μg/kg, respectively. The median of arsenic content in the dried chili was 106.9 μg/kg while it was 0.2 μg/kg （dry weight） in the fresh chili. The chilies median arsenic of different drying methods and storage time, in order were： the furnace-dried stored for more 1 than year（ 197.3 μg/kg）, the sun-dried stored for more than 1 year （130.7 μg/kg）, the furnace-dried stored for less than 1 year（94.1 μg/kg）, the sun-dried stored for less than 1 year （55.5 μg/kg）. The arsenic content of different kinds of solar-dried chilies and roast chilies were different. In solar-dried chilies, the median of arsenic contents from a order of high to low sequences were cluster chili （101.5 μg/kg）, cherry chili （95.6 μg/kg）, corn chili （86.8 μg/kg）, and long chili （47. 1 μg/kg）; in roast chilies, the median of arsenic contents from a order of high to low sequences were cherry chili（275.5 μg/kg）, cluster chili （173.0 μg/kg）, corn chili（ 164.3 μg/kg）, and long chili（ 136.8 μg/kg）. The medians of

关 键 词：砷 辣椒属 硒 土壤 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]