双压控制减压节流阀的数值模拟及试验  

Numerical Simulation and Experiment on Double-pressure-control Relief Throttle Valve

作　　者：张周卫[1] 张国珍[1] 周文和[1] 陈光奇[2] 潘雁频[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,兰州730070 [2]兰州物理研究所真空低温技术与物理国家级重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2010年第22期130-135,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAJ08B08-03);中国航天科技集团公司预研(617010303)资助项目

摘　　要：提出一种适用于空间飞行器冷屏蔽系统的空间低温流体相变制冷过程中控制系统压力的减压节流技术;通过双压控制减压节流阀实现冷屏蔽系统高低压控制、减压及节流制冷的功效;建立三维立体模型并进行流场数值模拟,根据数值模拟结果设计制造试验模型进行试验验证。结果表明:双压控制减压节流阀能够满足空间冷屏蔽系统表面热流密度变化时系统高低压控制要求;能够有效节流低温饱和蒸汽、气液两相及饱和液体;能够有效抑止变压出口形成的气液两相流及系统内制冷剂固化等问题;能够产生节流制冷效应,提高冷屏蔽系统制冷效率,减少系统冷剂加注量,降低起动加速负荷。A technique concerning a pressure-relief-throttle with double-pressure-control is presented in spatial cryogenic phase-change refrigeration for systematic pressure control in cold shield system of spacecraft.The valve can realize the function of controlling double pressure,pressure relieving and throttling.A 3-D model is established for flow-field simulation and a real experimental model is manufactured in terms of the simulated result.The numerical simulation and experimental results show that the valve meets the requirement of double pressure control when the heat flux changes outside of cold shield in space.The valve can efficiently throttle the saturated vapor,vapor-liquid phase and saturated liquid,and can stop the vapor-liquid phase flow or solidification of refrigerant with variation of pressure at outlet outside of cold shield.The valve can throttle cryogenic flow and improve the efficiency of refrigeration,decrease quantity of refrigerant refilling and reduce the accelerating load of launch.

关 键 词：减压节流阀 双压控制 冷屏蔽系统 液氮 

分 类 号：TB661[一般工业技术—制冷工程]