高温油藏内源微生物的堵调及种群分布  

Microbial plugging and community distribution of indigenous thermophilic microbes in high-temperature oil reservoirs

作　　者：宋智勇[1] 郭辽原[1] 袁书文[2] 郝滨[1] 吴晓玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化胜利油田分公司采油工艺研究院,山东东营257000 [2]中国海洋大学,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《石油学报》2010年第6期975-979,共5页Acta Petrolei Sinica

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2009AA063505)部分成果

摘　　要：针对高温高压油藏(65℃、11MPa),以其中内源微生物群落为主要对象,利用物理模拟及分子生物学手段研究了内源微生物被激活后与多孔介质间的相互作用及其群落分布特征。研究发现,内源微生物激活后使岩心渗透率由1.64μm2降至1.01μm2。多孔介质和油水两相界面均表现出显著的细胞截留能力,水驱2PV后产出液细菌浓度由108个/mL降至106个/mL以下,而每毫升岩心中细菌总量约为7×108个。利用分子方法研究群落结构发现,以糖类、烃类和脂肪酸为底物的代谢活动已被激活并在产出液或岩心不同位置形成优势,并且产出液和岩心中产甲烷古菌一致,而岩心内细菌种类丰富(>20种嗜热菌),且多样性高于产出液。The present paper studied the community distribution of indigenous microbes and interactions between activated indigenous microbes and porous media by means of physical simulations and molecular microbiology under simulated reservoir conditions（65℃,11MPa）,and aimed at providing a basis for the field application of the microbial enhanced oil recovery in high-temperature reservoirs.The study showed that the permeability of porous media declined from 1.64μm^2 to 1.01μm^2 as indigenous microbes were activated,both porous media and the oil-water interface showed an obvious interception of cells,and the cell concentration in the produced liquid by 2PV flooding decreased from 10^8 cells/mL to 10^6 cells/mL,while the total concentration of microbes in porous media was 7×10^8 cells/mL.The result of molecular microbiology analysis showed that activated indigenous microbes could metabolize carbohydrates,hydrocarbons and fat acids and accumulate in different parts of produced liquids and porous media.Moreover,genera of methanogenic archaea were the same both in produced liquids and porous media,while types of bacterial communities in porous media were abundant（more than 20 thermophilic genera） and their diversity was higher than that in produced liquids.These differences could help the field identification of microbial communities within reservoirs through produced liquids and provide a basis for enhancing the pertinence of microbial plugging in reservoirs.

关 键 词：高温油藏 微生物提高采收率 内源微生物 物理模拟实验 微生物堵调 群落结构 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]