大浪滩盐湖蒸发盐嗜盐菌培养鉴定及其天体生物学意义  

Isolation and Identification of Halophiles from Evaporates in Dalangtan Salt Lake

作　　者：孔凡晶[1,2] 马妮娜[1,2] Alian Wang Jan Amend 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所盐湖中心,北京100037 [2]国土资源部盐湖资源与环境重点实验室,北京100037 [3]Dept. Earth and Planetary Sciences and McDonnell Center {or Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130 USA

出　　处：《地质学报》2010年第11期1661-1667,共7页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(编号1212010811050、1212010818057);国家自然基金(编号40572059,40772065);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金项目(编号k0916)资助的成果

摘　　要：通过火星遥感及火星登陆测量都发现了火星上存在大量的含水硫酸盐,这些盐类的状态和演化也见证了近代火星表面环境条件的变化。大浪滩盐湖是柴达木盆地第二大盐湖,也是中国最为干旱的地区之一,而且大浪滩盐湖分布有与火星类似的硫酸盐盐类沉积。我们采集了蒸发盐表层盐壳,盐湖结晶盐以及剖面沉积盐类等样品,进行室内分离、培养及鉴定嗜盐菌研究。结果表明,大浪滩盐结晶及盐类沉积中分布有不同类型的嗜盐菌,主要类型为Virgibacillus,Oceanobacillus,Halobacillus,和Terribacillus等。大浪滩盐湖蒸发盐中内生嗜盐菌的分离鉴定,为探索火星高盐环境中生命存在的形式和机制提供一种类比模式。Sulfate salts have been identified on Mars by spectrometers on orbiters and rovers.These salts and their evolution reflected the changes of surface environments.Dalantan Salt Lake is the second largest lake in the Qaidam Basin and also one of the driest areas in China.The salts distributed in the Dalangtan Playa have the similar characteristics to those found on the Martian surface.We collected samples such as superficial salt crust of evaporites,salt crystals of salt lakes and salt deposits at the section to isolate bacteria,and the culture and identification of these bacteria were carried out in the Lab.The results showed that different types of halophiles were distributed in salt crystals and salt deposits at Dalangtan and that they had high homology with some species of the genera Virgibacillus,Oceanobacillus,Halobacillus and Terribacillus.The halophiles isolated from evaporites of the Dalangtan Playa provide an analog for exploring life in the hypersaline environment on Mars.

关 键 词：盐湖 嗜盐菌 火星盐类 天体生物学 类比研究 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]