泥石流早期警报系统  

Early Warning System to Debris Flow

作　　者：章书成[1] 余南阳[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [2]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《山地学报》2010年第3期379-384,共6页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:40672203)~~

摘　　要：泥石流早期警报系统可以将暴雨泥石流发生的预警时间提前1h左右,这比一般警报方法的提前量(通常大于10min)增加很多,因而达到更好的警报效果。系统由遥测智能雨量计、泥石流次声警报器和摄像设备等组成。系统核心技术包括泥石流发生的雨量阈值设定,泥石流次声特性和图像获取、图像解析以及图像实时传输等。系统数据传输可选择Internet网,GPRS/CDMA。决策机构可根据系统信息实时发布三级警报,即黄色(来自雨量阈值),橙色(来自泥石流次声信息)和红色(已有泥石流图像和规模),系统将能避免或减少人员伤亡服务于泥石流减灾工作。The early warning system to debris flow bases on our knowledge to formation condition （rainfall specially） and physics behaviors of debris flow. The system consists,of rain-gauge,infrasonic warning device,mud-level gauge of,and camera （See Fig.1）. All devices in this system have the function of automatical collection,saving,and transportation （image photos included） to data. The public net,internet,GPRS,and CDMA will be chosen for transporting data. Sometime the radio communication has been used in this system as well. Special software will be used to distinguish that debris flow will occur （the information from rain threshold）,has occurring （ from infrasonic,mud-level signals and image photos）. The policy-making body bases on this information to announce three degree warning in time,i.e.,yellow warning （from rainfall）,orange warning （from infrasonic and mud-level signal,and red warning （from camera）. The system will have in advance of one hour in the least to debris flow coming in. The system can in service to mitigate disaster of debris flow,to avoid the lost of people life specially.

关 键 词：泥石流 早期警报系统 雨量阈值 次声信息 

分 类 号：P642.23[天文地球—工程地质学] X43[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]