黑松海岸防护林径级分布及其与球果和种子特性的关系  

Relationship between Distribution of Diameter Size Classes and Characteristics of Cones and Seeds of Pinus thunbergii in a Coastal Protection Forest

作　　者：毛培利[1] 韩广轩[1] 张志东[1] 王光美[1] 于君宝[1] 许景伟[2] 曹帮华[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带所,烟台264003 [2]山东省林业科学研究院 [3]山东农业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2010年第11期21-23,共3页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：烟台市科学技术发展计划项目(2008155);林业科技支撑计划项目(2009BADB2B0502-01);中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所前沿领域项目(1191100401;A3J0708BX)

摘　　要：为探讨黑松种群的结实规律,调查了烟台海防林中黑松的径级结构,采集了不同大小植株上的球果,分析了球果和种子特性。结果表明:黑松种群径级结构为金字塔形,35.84%的植株具有生殖能力。随径级增加,球果大小(球果质量、球果长、球果宽)逐渐增加;总种鳞数逐渐增加,可育种鳞数、可育种鳞率和总种子数变化为凹形,在径级Sc6(胸径12.5～15.5cm)处最低;在径级Sc6(胸径12.5～15.5cm)处,球果结种率和胚珠败育率分别为最低和最高。球果大小与总种子数成显著正相关,与胚珠败育率成显著负相关。种子发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数随径级增加呈波浪形变化,在径级Sc3(胸径3.5～6.5cm)和Sc6(胸径12.5～15.5cm)处显著高于径级Sc4(胸径6.5～9.5cm)和Sc7(胸径15.5～18.5cm)。对球果胚珠败育率的调节是黑松保证种子质量的重要途径。An experiment was conducted to study the diameter size structure of Pinus thunbergii in a coastal protection forest in Yantai in order to explore the fruiting characteristics of P.thunbergii population.Cones from trees of different diameter size classes were collected and then the characteristics of cones and seeds were analysed.A pyramid-style structure of the diameter size of P.thunbergii was found,including 35.84% of the trees with reproductive capacity.With the increase of size class,cone size（cone weight,cone length and cone width） increased and the total number of seminiferous scales increased,but fertile scales,ratio of fertile scales,the total number of seeds presented concave changes and reached the minimum when the diameter at breast height（DBH） ranged from 12.5 to 15.5 cm.However,seed productivity and ovule abortion rate revealed an undulating pattern with size class increasing,and the minimum seed productivity and the maximum ovule abortion rate were found at DBH ranging from 12.5 to 15.5 cm.Cone size was positively correlated with total number of seeds,but negatively correlated with ovule abortion rate.Germination rate,germination index and vigor index showed an undulating pattern with the increase of size class,and their values at DBH of 3.5-6.5 cm and 12.5-15.5 cm were higher than those at 6.5-9.5 cm and 15.5-18.5 cm.It is an important way to ensure the seed quality of P.thunbergii by increasing ovule abortion rate of cone.

关 键 词：黑松 海防林 径级结构 结实规律 天然更新 

分 类 号：S791.245[农业科学—林木遗传育种]