江西柘林湖景区越冬蜘蛛多样性的保护和利用  

Protection and Utilization of the Diversity of Overwintering Spiders in the Zhelin Lake Scenic Areas in JiangXi

作　　者：陈连水[1] 袁凤辉[1] 饶军[1] 孙丽萍[1] 卢恩勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学生物系,江西抚州344000 [2]南昌航空大学生物医学系,江西南昌330029

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第31期17542-17544,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30370208);江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ10495)

摘　　要：蜘蛛作为农业生态系统中主要天敌经常用来作为其害虫防治预警系统的指示生物,越冬蜘蛛的相关研究可为来年农业生产方式的选择与综合生物防治等决策提供参考,越冬蜘蛛种群分布和群落特征等也具有地质或岛屿等大尺度生态景观时空变化的指示作用。通过对江西柘林湖景区岛屿与周边景观中越冬蜘蛛资源的种群分布、群落结构特征、越冬蛛态、性偏离比率和行为等进行的初步研究,发现该景区共有越冬蜘蛛20科35属43种,其中,有5种江西新记录种和19种未确定种;蜘蛛科属数量较多,种类相对较少;岛屿特色蜘蛛类群丰富且集中,库区周边多见灌丛草甸、果园、湿地和园林类群等,越冬蛛态、行为和性偏离比率受蜘蛛生活史与气候生态因子影响明显。另外,结合现代生态学和保护生物学原理,初步探明了柘林湖景区岛屿隔离与地质作用对越冬蜘蛛多样性形成及动态变化所产生的影响,提出了该景区生态旅游规划与资源保护利用的新思路。As the main natural enemies in agro-eeosystem, spiders are often used as the biological indicator of pest control warning systems, and the relevant studies on the overwintering spider can provide reference for a choice of mode of agricultural production, integrated pest management and other deeision-makings on the future. Meanwhile, the population distribution and comnmnity characteristics of overwintering spiders also mirror the spatial and temporal variation of large-scale ecological landscapes such as geology or islands. Through a preliminary research on the population distribution, community structure characteristics, winter spider state, sex ratio, behavior and so on of overwintering spiders on the islands of Zhelin scenic areas and surrounding areas in Jiangxi province, it is found out that there are 43 species of spiders belonging to 20 families and 35 genera, among which 5 species are new records in Jiangxi and 19 are undefined species; the family and genus of spiders are more while the species are relatively small; there are a rich and concentrated variety of spider taxa on different islands, and shrub meadow, orchards, wetlands, gardens and other taxa was more common around the reservoir area, the behavior and sexual deviate of overwin- tering spiders are significantly influenced by their life histories and the climate ecological factors. What＇ s more, combining with the theory of modem ecology and conservation biology, the influence of island isolation and geological processes on the formation and dynamic changes of the diversity of overwintering spiders in Zhelin lake scenic area is preliminarily discovered, and then the new thoughts on its eco-tourism planning and resource protection and utilization are atso presented.

关 键 词：柘林湖景区 越冬蜘蛛 种群分布 群落结构 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]