川西变叶海棠的表型变异  

Phenotypic Variations of Malus toringoides in Western Sichuan

作　　者：王海英[1] 徐庆[1] 冀春雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院,北京100091

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2010年第5期48-50,76,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家科技部"十一五"林业科技支撑专题项目(2006BAD03A0405)

摘　　要：以四川西部炉霍5个典型天然居群的变叶海棠为试材,调查了株高、胸径、冠幅、单果质量、叶面积等10项表型指标,分析了变叶海棠不同居群的表型变异幅度和变异模式。结果表明:不同居群的各项表型指标都存在显著差异;古比、玉麦比和然柳3个居群的株高、胸径、冠幅性状,格鲁居群的叶片性状,以及玉麦比居群的果实性状相对较为优良;各项指标在居群内和居群间均存在较大变异,除了冠幅和叶片宽,其他指标都呈居群间变异大于居群内变异;株高、胸径、叶面积、叶片长、叶片宽、单果质量、果实横轴、果实纵轴都与纬度呈负相关,果实、叶片性状与经度呈正相关,冠幅、叶片和果实性状与海拔呈显著的负相关。采取UPGMA法,以4.34为阈值用欧式距离把5个居群划分为3类。Extent and patterns of phenotypic variation of Malus toringoides in five natural populations were analysed in terms of 10 phenotypic traits of M. toringoides populations selected from five sites in Luhuo County of Western Sichuan. Results showed that phenotypic traits differed significantly among the five populations. The plant height,DBH,and crown width of Gubi,Yumaibi,and Ranliu populations were more superior,and the leaf shape-related traits of Gelu population and the fruit-related traits of Yumaibi population were better. Obvious variations were found within and among populations. The phenotypic variations among populations were more obvious than that within populations except crown width and leaf width. Correlation analysis indicated that plant height,DBH,leaf area,leaf length,leaf width,fruit weight,fruit transverse axis,fruit longitudinal axis were negatively correlated with latitude. The traits of fruit and leaf showed positive correlations with longitude,and the traits of crown width,leaf and fruit showed significant negative correlation with altitude. In addition,5 populations could also be divided into three groups in 4.34 threshold value of average Euclidean distance according to the UPGMA cluster analysis.

关 键 词：变叶海棠 天然居群 表型变异 

分 类 号：S718.52[农业科学—林学] Q949.751.8[生物学—植物学]