黄牡丹的大小孢子发生及雌雄配子体发育  

Megasporogenesis,Microsporogenesis and Development of Female and Male Gametophytes of Paeonia delavayi var.lutea

作　　者：王雁[1] 李艳华[1] 彭镇华[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局林木培育重点实验室(中国林业科学研究院林业研究所),北京100091

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2010年第5期62-65,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2006AA100109)

摘　　要：以黄牡丹为试验材料,对黄牡丹的大小孢子发生及雌雄配子体发育进行了细胞学观察,探讨了他们的发育规律及其与外部形态的相关性。结果表明:黄牡丹小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中出现染色体桥及落后染色体等异常现象,导致了花粉的败育,正体小孢子四分体胞质分裂为同时型,呈四面体形排列,二细胞型花粉;黄牡丹的胚囊发育属蓼型,倒生胚珠,双珠被,在发育过程中出现多个大孢子母细胞;在同一朵花的发育过程中,黄牡丹的大小孢子发生与雌雄配子体发育存在着一定的时序性相关,而且他们与蕾花的形态特征之间也有着相对稳定的对应关系。Cytological observation on the megasporogenesis,microsporogenesis and development of female and male gametophytes in Paeonia delavayi Franch var. lutea （Delavay ex Franch） Finet et Gagnep was carried out,and the developmental pattern and its association with bud phenology were also explored. Results showed that some abnomalities in meiosis of pollen mother cell were observed such as chromosome bridge and backward chromosome,which resulted in pollen sterility. Meiotic division in microspore mother cell was followed by simultaneous cytokinesis and resulted in tetrahedral pollen grains and two-celled pollen. Its embryo sac belonged to polygonum type. The ovule was anatropous and double integument. Poly-megasporocyte was observed in the development. The megasporogenesis and microsporogenesis were associated with female and male gametophytes in the same flower of P. lutea during development,and also corresponded with bud phenology.

关 键 词：黄牡丹 小孢子发生 雄配子体 大孢子发生 雌配子体 

分 类 号：Q944.571[生物学—植物学] S685.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]