扎龙湿地土地利用变化及驱动力分析  

Land Use Change in Zhalong Wetland and Its Driving Forces

作　　者：沃晓棠[1] 孙彦坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2010年第5期77-79,82,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：黑龙江省留学归国人员科学技术专项资金项目(LC07C34)

摘　　要：基于1995年、2000年和2004年3期LandsatTM遥感影像数据,运用RS、GIS及景观生态学方法,对研究区土地利用与景观格局动态变化进行分析,运用逐步回归分析法和主成分分析法,探讨扎龙湿地土地利用与土地覆盖驱动力机制,研究结果表明:沼泽向草地转化的趋势较明显,沼泽地不断退化为草地,草地再进一步退化为盐碱地,说明湿地缺水及沼泽地的退化问题比较严重。研究时段内耕地、沼泽和草地的斑块数、斑块密度、边界密度和形状指数均呈现持续增长的趋势。前一时段(1995—2000年),景观多样性和景观均匀度指数减小,景观优势度增大;后一时段(2000—2004年),变化趋势呈相反态势,作为研究区的基质景观,沼泽地面积不断减少,导致景观的破碎化程度进一步加剧,土地利用趋于多样化和均匀化,景观格局趋向复杂化。Based on Landsat satellite remote sensing data of 1995,2000 and 2004,land use-cover change （LUCC） in Zhalong Wetland was monitored from 1995 to 2004 by RS,GIS,and landscape ecology. Driving forces for land use and land cover in Zhalong Wetland were discussed by stepwise regression analysis and principal component analysis. The trend of marsh into grassland,namely the degradation of the marshes to grasslands and the further degradation of grassland to salinate fields,is noticeable due to years of lack of water,indicating that water shortage and the degradation of marsh wetlands are very serious problems. Patch number,patch density,edge density,and shape index of farmland,marsh and grassland shows an increasing trend during the study period. From 1995 to 2000,landscape diversity and evenness index decreased and landscape dominance increased. Compared with the previous period,the trend of the later period （2000—2004） was opposite,the marsh area as the basic landscape in the study area declined,and the degree of landscape fragmentation became more serious,indicating a diversified and homogenized land use pattern and a more complicated landscape pattern.

关 键 词：土地利用 土地覆盖 景观格局 驱动力 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]