覆盖生态垫对沙地土壤有机碳和酶活性的影响  

Effects of Ecomat Mulching on Soil Organic Carbon and Enzyme Activity in Sandy Land

作　　者：沈文森[1] 耿玉清[1] 王小平[2] 胡剑非[2] 胡东阳 

机构地区：[1]水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室(北京林业大学),北京100083 [2]北京市园林绿化国际合作项目管理办公室 [3]北京市双青林场

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2010年第6期68-71,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：北京市科技重大项目(Z00060660000702)资助

摘　　要：在干旱和半干旱地区提高沙地土壤质量的有效途径是增加土壤有机物质,促进土壤生态系统的良性循环。为了解生态垫对沙地土壤的改良效果,在北京顺义双青林场采集覆盖生态垫土壤和对照土壤,对土壤养分和有机碳含量以及土壤酶活性进行了研究。结果表明:覆盖生态垫36个月后,0～5cm土层的土壤全氮、碱解氮、硝态氮以及速效钾质量分数比对照显著提高了16%、16%、20%和37%(p<0.05);同时生态垫也使0～5cm土层土壤易氧化碳(333mmol·L-1中性KMnO4)和水溶性碳提高了25%和19%,差异达到了显著水平(p<0.05),但对于总有机碳的影响不显著。覆盖生态垫除显著降低土壤脲酶的活性外,对过氧化氢酶、β–葡萄糖苷酶、蛋白酶和磷酸酶没有显著性影响。综合分析认为,覆盖生态垫对土壤氮和钾养分以及活性有机碳有显著的提高,但对土壤酶活性影响不显著。One available method for improving sandy soil quality in arid and semiarid region is to add organic matter and stimulate the well-cycling of soil ecological system. Ecomat is a new eco-friendly mulching material from oil palm fruit fiber. Soil samples at depths 0 ～ 5 and 5 ～ 15 cm from mulching ecomat and control were collected in Shuangqing Forestry Centre of Beijing to analyse the effects of ecomat on organic carbon and enzyme activity of sandy soil. Results showed that concentrations of soil total N,available N,NO3-N,and available K significantly increased by 16% ,16% ,20% and 37% in the 0 ～ 5 cm top layer,respectively （ p〈0. 05） . Readily oxidizable carbon （ 333 mmol·L^-1 neutral KMnO4 ） and water soluble organic carbon significantly increased by 25% and 19% ,but the increase of total organic carbon was not obvious. Urea activity strongly decreased under mulching ecomat,while activities of catalase,β-glucosidase,protease and phosphatase had no obvious changes. Mulching ecomat has obvious effects on soil N,K and soil active organic carbon,and unobvious effect on soil enzyme activity.

关 键 词：生态垫 覆盖 土壤养分 土壤活性有机碳 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]