施用有机肥对土壤生物性状影响的研究进展  

Influences of organic fertilizer application on soil biological properties

作　　者：薛峰[1] 颜廷梅[1] 杨林章[1] 乔俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2010年第6期1372-1377,共6页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2007CB109303);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD17B06);农业部公益性行业项目(200903011);江苏省科技厅太湖专项(BS2007164)资助

摘　　要：施肥是农业生态系统中的重要一环,因土壤生物特性如土壤酶活力、微生物量、呼吸以及生物多样性等对外来扰动的灵敏性优于理化特性而在近几年受到了广泛关注。长期配施有机肥能显著调节土壤营养环境,提高微生物碳氮含量,降低代谢呼吸商值并提高多种土壤酶的活力和土壤生物多样性,为作物稳产高产创造良好的土壤生态环境,而化肥施用的效果恰相反。土壤生物特性的变动关系到土壤质量、农业生产的产量以及生态系统的稳定,本文综述了近几年国内外关于施用有机肥对土壤生物性质影响的研究结果。It is necessary to study the influences of fertilizer application on soil since it is an important part of agricultural ecosystem. Soil biological properties such as enzyme activity, microbial biomass, respiration and biodiversity have received increasing attention due to they are much more sensitive to the outside disturbance than physiochemical properties. Contrast to the mineral fertilization, long time application of organic fertilizer can provide proper soil ecological environment for high crop production by improving contents of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, activities of soil enzymes and biodiversity and decreasing the metabolic respiratory quotient. Changes of soil biological properties influence the soil quality, agricultural yields and stabilization of ecosystem. This paper reviewed some works in these years about the influences of organic fertilizer application on soil biological characters.

关 键 词：有机肥 土壤生物性状 土壤酶 微生物量 代谢商 生物多样性 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]