从社会功能的视角看中国社会史分期  

A Review on the Divisions of the Periods of Chinese Social History from the Perspective of Social Functions

作　　者：高钟[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州科技学院人文学院,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《苏州科技学院学报（社会科学版）》2010年第6期48-53,共6页Journal of University of Science and Technology of Suzhou:Social Science

摘　　要：中国社会史的分期问题争论了近九十年而未有定论,其关键在于划地为牢、樊笼自限:理论和方法局限于直线进化的"五段史"论。实际上人类发展史中很少有这种直线"五段史"的实证,跳出西方中心主义的樊篱,扬弃外来的"五段史论",用中国自有的语言符号、自有的史料去铨释中国历史,则不难得出一个基本符合中国历史的全新的结论:中国社会实是一个道统、王统、族统三维共构的社会,它经历了先秦的萌发期、秦汉到隋唐的磨合期、宋元明清的成熟期,而1840年至今则是转型期。三维共构是中国社会的构建特性,四期发展则是其基本的分期。The question of how to divide Chinese social history has been discussed for nearly 90 years and yet with no final conclusion.The key reason for this failure is that we all have limited our thoughts.That is,the theories and methods we employ are restricted to the Theory of Five Periods＇ History,which treats history as a straight line.In fact,in the development of human history,there are hardly any examples to support this straight-line theory.However,if we are not bound by the Western centralism,discard the Theory of Five Periods＇ History from other countries and employ China＇s own linguistic symbols and historical materials to interpret Chinese history,it will not be hard to reach a brand new conclusion,which is roughly in line with Chinese history： Chinese society is in fact a three-dimensional one co-constructed by three forces,the unity of the orthodox,the unity of the throne and the unity of the nation.It has gone through the germination period in the Pre-Qin Period,the accommodation period from the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties,the mature period during the Song,Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties,and the transitional period from the year 1840 to present.The three-dimensional co-construction is the characteristic in building Chinese society,while its basic division is four periods＇ development.

关 键 词：结构 功能 三维共构 四期发展 

分 类 号：K023[历史地理—历史学]