载人登月的航天医学工程问题  

Issues on Space Medical-engineering of Human Lunar Exploration Mission

作　　者：陈金盾[1] 刘伟波[1] 姜国华[1] 张晓铀[1] 陈欣[1] 王立东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心

出　　处：《载人航天》2010年第3期44-51,共8页Manned Spaceflight

摘　　要：载人登月与近地轨道载人飞行相比,将会遇到许多新的医学、心理学、工效学、登月服技术等医学工程问题。研究和解决这些问题是航天医学工程发展的重要任务。结合美、俄载人登月和月球居留的研究情况,重点分析载人登月与月面舱外活动中人的工作能力、压力制度选择、乘组组成、航天员选拔训练、航天员医监医保、心理健康维护、营养食品保障、环境医学和工效学、登月服技术等医学工程问题及解决思路,提出下一步研究的方向和重点。Manned moon-landing is becoming one of the hotspots of human space flight in the 21st century. There are many key issues about medicine, psychics, ergonomics and medical-engineering during the Moon exploration than in the low-Earth orbit spaceflight. In this paper, the United States and Russian manned moon landing and settling programs are studied, focusing on the space medical-engineering issues such as human capability,crew comprising, astronaut selection and training,astronaut medical surveillance and support, space nutrition and food support, space psychology ,work efficiency and spacesuit for lunar, as well as the solutions. Finally. further research directions and focus is put forward.

关 键 词：载人登月 航天医学 医学工程航天员 登月服 

分 类 号：R857[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]