天津近海夏季大气颗粒物元素特征及来源解析  

Characterization of elements and source apportionment in atmospheric particulate matter in Tianjin offshore area in summer

作　　者：韩斌[1,2] 白志鹏[1,2] 解以扬[3] 张裕芬[1,2] 孔少飞[1,2] 徐准[1,2] 金亮茂[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,天津300071 [2]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071 [3]天津市气象局气象科学研究所,天津300071

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2010年第6期829-833,共5页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家海洋局908专项"天津市908专项近岸海域海洋化学调查"[908-TJ-09];2006-2007年度国家环保公益性行业科研专项[200709048]

摘　　要：2006年夏季在天津近海海域走航采集总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)样品,用于研究近海海域大气颗粒物污染特征和来源。采集到的样品通过重量分析得到颗粒物浓度,同时进行元素分析。并结合气象要素分析,显示陆源污染物在陆风影响下传输到海上,解释了采样期间近海海域TSP浓度较高的现象。研究使用富集因子和化学质量受体平衡(CMB)模型对近海海域TSP进行解析。通过富集因子分析,估计近海海域TSP来源主要有人为源、地壳源和海盐粒子源。CMB结果显示燃煤飞灰所代表的人为源对TSP贡献最大(36.14%),其次是地壳源类(33.26%)以及海盐粒子(1.58%),其他未识别的源为30.58%。由此推断陆地污染源对近海海域大气颗粒物的贡献远远高于海盐粒子,因此对渤海周围陆地污染源的控制应得到足够重视。Total suspended particulate（TSP,100μm or less in aerodynamic size） samples were collected in Tianjin offshore area of Bohai Sea in Aug 2006.The characteristic of the ambient particulate matter pollution in offshore area,and elemental compositions from different possible sources were identified.The samples in the aerosol were conducted the gravity analysis for mass concentration and analyzed 20 elements using ICP-AES.Meteorological analysis during sampling period showed the pollutants from the land could be transmitted to the sea under the control of land breeze,which could be potential reason of high concentration of TSP（144.8μg/m3） in the studying area.The enrichment factors and Chemical Mass Balance receptor model were applied to determine the main sources for PM in the studying area.The crust and seawater enrichment factors were used to estimate the possible sources of TSP,including the anthropogenic sources,crustal source and sea-salt.The source apportionment using CMB model showed that the coal combustion ash was the largest contributor to ambient TSP concentrations in Bohai Sea（36.14%）,followed by the crust source（33.26%）,the sea-salt aerosol was the third place（1.58%）,and other unidentified sources accounted for 30.58%.Therefore,more attention should be paid to the prevention and control of the pollution sources around the Bohai Sea.

关 键 词：大气颗粒物 渤海 气象特征 富集因子 化学质量平衡受体模型 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]