中国农产品虚拟水流动格局的形成机理与维持机制研究  

Research on Formation Mechanism and Support Mechanism of Virtual Water Flows Pattern Embedded in Agricultural Products Trade

作　　者：陈丽新[1] 孙才志[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学海洋经济与可持续发展研究中心,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《中国软科学》2010年第11期44-53,共10页China Soft Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(10YTA790163);国家社会科学基金(07BJY066)

摘　　要：从国际和区际两个层面上对我国农产品贸易导致的虚拟水流动量进行计算,结果显示我国国际农产品虚拟水净进口量由2000年的117.1亿m3扩大到2008年的798.5亿m3,主要原因在于近年来国际大豆进口量的剧增;区际农产品虚拟水流动格局表明,我国北方地区通过农产品贸易向南方地区净调出的虚拟水由2000年的163亿m3增加到2008年的313.5亿m3。其中,黄淮海和东北地区是我国虚拟水最主要的调出区,而华南、东南地区则是最主要的调入区。我国农产品虚拟水流动格局的形成受多重因素的综合影响,从耕地资源、人口、经济驱动、国家政策和技术进步五个因素对其形成机理展开研究。最后,从完善农业生态补偿机制、农业水资源援助战略、跨流域调水及发展节水高效现代农业四个方面对我国农产品虚拟水流动格局的维持机制提供政策启示。Virtual water flows caused by the agricultural products trade are calculated from international and interregional level in China.The results show that international net import of virtual water of agricultural products trade from 11.71 billion m3 in 2000 expanded to 79.85 billion m3 in 2008.The main reason of the expansion is that the import of soybean went up sharply.Interregional virtual water flows results show that the net volume of agricultural products trade from North to South from 16.3 billion m3 in 2000 expanded to 31.35 billion m3 in 2008.Huanghuaihai and North East are the most important discharge regions of virtual water,and South China and South East are the main inflow regions of virtual water.The formation of virtual water flows pattern of agricultural products in China are influenced by multiple factors.Mechanism of the formation of virtual water flows pattern of agricultural products are researched from cultivated land,population,economic driving power,national policy and technology progress.Finally,support mechanism is put forward from four aspects such as to improve the agro-ecological compensation mechanism,agricultural water resources assistance strategy,water transfer across river basins and the development of water-saving modern agriculture.

关 键 词：虚拟水 流动格局 形成机理 维持机制 

分 类 号：P32[天文地球—地球物理学]