船舶蒸汽动力装置冷凝器动态模型研究  

Condenser Modeling Research for Ship Steam Power Plants

作　　者：朱东保[1] 马俊 焦晓亮[3] 乔增熙[3] 赵辉[3] 

机构地区：[1]武汉第二船舶设计研究所,湖北武汉430000 [2]海军驻431军代表室,辽宁葫芦岛125004 [3]哈尔滨工业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《节能技术》2010年第6期489-493,共5页Energy Conservation Technology

摘　　要：船舶蒸汽动力装置冷凝器压力的控制效果直接影响到动力装置的安全性。为分析各因素对冷凝器压力的影响程度,本文建立了冷凝器的全工况数学模型。建模时舍弃了一般建模时所作的蒸汽理想气体或多变过程的假设,利用饱和蒸汽的各参数之间一一对应的关系改进了建模过程。考虑到漏空气对换热系数影响巨大,建立了漏气和抽汽部分的数学模型。鉴于一般的传热系数公式在应用于复杂对象上的困难和较大的误差,本文采用工况试验数据反算传热系数,然后再采用传热系数拟合的方式解决这一问题。基于上述假设,建立了冷凝器的动态模型,仿真分析发现系统随工况变化表现出很强的非线性,这为船舶蒸汽动力装置冷凝器的控制策略的设计提供了参考。Impropriate condenser pressure control in steam power plants will form a threat for the plant safety.To study the factors that dominate the condenser pressure,a dynamic condenser model was built for full condition use.The mostly used ideal gas assumption and polytropic process assumption for steam dynamics were abandoned in the modeling and were replaced by several concise algebraic equations about saturated steam parameters in a control volume,which leads to a rational and simpler modeling process.As a small amount of leaked air mixed with steam could sharply deteriorate the coefficient of the heat transfer,an air leakage and steam extraction model was incorporated.In view that traditional formulas for heat transfer coefficiency calculations performs unsatisfactorily when complicated system is encountered,heat transfer coefficiency obtained from experimentation data was fitted over some appropriate variables.Simulation based analysis reveals that steam extraction exerted limited effect on the condenser pressure control.Moreover,the system exhibited strong nonlinearity according to varying operating condition.This work provides some reference for the future condenser pressure control strategy designs of ship steam power plants.

关 键 词：蒸汽动力装置 舰船 冷凝器 动态特性 漏空气 

分 类 号：U664.81[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] TK264.11[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]