枇杷种质资源繁殖更新生长特性研究  

Propagation and renewal characteristics of loquat germplasm

作　　者：陈秀萍[1,2] 潘少林[1] 黄爱萍[2,3] 蒋际谋[1,2] 邓朝军[1,2] 郑少泉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院果树研究所,福建福州350013 [2]福建省龙眼枇杷育种工程技术研究中心,福建福州350013 [3]福建省农业科学院农业经济与科技信息研究所,福建福州350003

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2010年第5期590-596,共7页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部农作物种质资源保护项目(NB08-2130135-08);国家科技基础条件平台工作子项目(2005DKA21002-27);福建省财政专项(STIF-08);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD07B01);福建省公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2009R10029)

摘　　要：在相同的种植管理条件下,利用解放钟枇杷实生苗作砧木嫁接枇杷种质资源,调查小苗嫁接成活率、成苗率、苗期生长量和枝梢数。结果表明:①255份枇杷种质资源的嫁接成活率、成苗率、苗期生长量及枝梢数差异明显,变异系数15.07%～28.45%;嫁接成活率与成苗率、苗期生长量、枝梢数呈极显著的正相关关系,相关系数分别为0.422 1、0.329 9、0.283 7;②来源于云南的枇杷种质资源苗期生长量最大,显著大于新西兰、江苏、日本、福建、湖北的种质资源,四川的枇杷种质资源枝梢数最多、广西的最少,差异显著;③野生资源的苗期生长量较栽培品种大,呈极显著差异;④多倍体枇杷种质资源的嫁接成活率、成苗率、苗期生长量及枝梢数均极显著低于二倍体枇杷。Loquat growth characteristics were observed under same planting conditions using the root stock of Jiefangzhong.Grafting survival rate,seedling rate,graft growth volume and number of branches were recorded.The result showed that：（1） All growth characteristics were significantly different among the 255 germplasms with the coefficients of variance ranging from 15.07% to 28.45%.Very significant correlations existed between the grafting survival rate and the seedling rate（correlation coefficient=0.4221）,growth volume of graft（correlation coefficient = 0.3299） and number of branches（correlation coefficient = 0.2837）.（2） The growth volume of graft of the loquat germplasm from Yunnan was the largest,significantly larger than those from New Zealand,Jiangsu,Japan,Fujian and Hubei.The numbers of branches were significantly different among all samples,with those came from Sichuan to be the highest and those from Guangxi the lowest.（3） The graft growth volume of the wild loquat was very significantly larger than that of the cultivated loquat.And,（4） all growth characteristics of the polyploid loquat were very significantly poorer than the diploid loquat.The results provided a basis for the resource preservation and utilization of loquat germplasm.

关 键 词：枇杷 种质资源 繁殖更新 生长特性 

分 类 号：S667.3[农业科学—果树学]