以聚氧乙烯醚为连接基的烷基苯磺酸钠Gemini表面活性剂的合成和表面活性  

SYNTHESIS AND SURFACE ACTIVITY OF GEMINI SURFACTANTS OF SODIUM ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATES WITH POLYOXYETHYLENE SPACERS

作　　者：刘学鹏[1,2] 丰杰[1,2] 徐志成[1] 赵濉[1] 俞稼镛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2010年第6期883-888,共6页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"高温高盐油田提高采收率技术"(2008ZX05011)资助

摘　　要：以脂肪酸、苯酚、聚乙二醇为原料,经酰化反应、酯化反应、Fries重排、氢化还原反应、磺化以及中和反应等步骤,合成出一系列含有不同长度聚氧乙烯醚中间连接基团（—（CH2CH2O）x—,x=1,2,3,4,8）的长链烷基苯磺酸钠Gemini表面活性剂。采用FT-IR1、H NMR和电喷雾质谱（ESI-MS）对产物进行了结构鉴定。以Wilhelmy-plate法测定了该系列表面活性剂纯水溶液在30℃时的表面张力。结果表明,纯水溶液中表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度（CMC）数量级达到10-4mol/L,临界胶束浓度下的表面张力（γCMC）在30~40 mN/m范围;随着中间连接基团长度（x=1,2,3,4,8）的增加,CMC先降低后升高,依次为5.94×10-4、1.88×10-4、1.16×10-4、1.12×10-4、5.18×10-4mol/L;同时γCMC逐渐降低,分别为36.88、39.17、38.93、37.85、32.02 mN/m。此类表面活性剂具有比较好的表面活性。A series of Gemini anionic surfactants,sodium alkylbenzene sulfonates,with the same nature except the spacer length of the polyoxyethylene chain were synthesized from fatty acid,phenol and oligoethylene glycol through Friedel-Crafts acylation,esterification,Fries rearrangement,Pd-catalyzed hydrogenation,sulfonation and neutralization.The structures of the products were characterized by FT-IR,1H NMR and ESI-MS methods.The critical micelle concentration（CMC） and the surface tension（γCMC） at the CMC of the surfactants in aqueous solution at 30℃ were measured by means of the Wilhelmy-plate method.The order of magnitude of their CMC reached to 10-4 mol/L and the values of their γCMC were in the range of 30-40 mN/m.The values of CMC were observed to decrease initially and then increase,which were 5.94×10-4,1.88×10-4,1.16×10-4,1.12×10-4,5.18×10-4 mol/L,respectively,and the values of γCMC were observed to increase initially and then decrease,which were 36.88,39.17,38.93,37.85,32.02 mN/m,respectively,as the spacer length of the polyoxyethylene chain（x=1,2,3,4,8） increased.The experiment results showed that these surfactants had high surface activities.

关 键 词：聚氧乙烯醚 长链烷基苯磺酸钠 GEMINI表面活性剂 合成 临界胶束浓度(CMC) 临界胶束浓度下的表面张力(γCMC) 

分 类 号：TQ423.115[化学工程]