一种新的单星对星无源定轨方法  

A Novel Method of Satellite-to-satellite Passive Orbit Determination

作　　者：辛勤[1] 吴顺华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学电子科学与工程学院,长沙410073 [2]空军雷达学院空天基雷达教研室,武汉430019

出　　处：《现代雷达》2010年第11期33-37,共5页Modern Radar

基　　金：武器装备预研基金资助项目

摘　　要：在单星对星无源定轨跟踪中,仅测角方法的滤波收敛时间较长且精度不高。在角度观测之外增加角度变化率观测,然后根据卫星运动的动力学和几何学条件,推导准确的状态预测方程及其对应的状态转移矩阵,给出了相应的计算方法。结合EKF滤波算法,提出一种新的基于角度和角度变化率信息的单星对星无源定轨跟踪方法。与仅测角定位法相比,该方法定位性能有很大程度改善,具有更高的估计精度和更快的收敛速度,且两者计算耗时相当。In satellite-to-satellite passive orbit determination and tracking,the bearing-only method has long convergence time and large location errors.In addition to bearings,the bearing changing rate is utilized as another observed quantity in this paper.Based on the kinetics and geometry of satellite motion,an accurate state prediction formulation and the corresponding state-transition matrix are derived,and the computation methods are presented.And then,according to Extended Kalman Filtering（EKF） algorithm,a novel satellite-to-satellite passive orbit determination and tracking method with bearings and bearing changing rate measurements is proposed,which based on the kinetics and geometry of satellite motion.Compared with the bearing-only method,the location performance of this method is superior.The higher accuracy of estimation and the faster convergence are obtained using the novel method,and the computational complexity of the later is comparable with the former.

关 键 词：卫星定轨 无源定位 角度 角度变化率 单观测站 

分 类 号：V412.41[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]