基于源区监测的城市地表径流污染空间分异性研究  

Research on Spatial Differentiation of Urban Stormwater Runoff Quality by Source Area Monitoring

作　　者：李立青[1,2] 朱仁肖[1,2] 郭树刚[1,2] 尹澄清[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学环境学院,武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质教育部重点实验室,武汉430074 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第12期2896-2904,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40801207);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07315-001;2008ZX07209-003)

摘　　要：通过对汉阳城区14个地表源区4次降雨径流过程水样的采集与分析,研究城市地表径流污染空间分异性及其影响因素,以期为地表径流污染的源区控制提供科学依据.结果表明,城市地表径流颗粒态COD、TN和TP分别占58%±17%、65%±13%和92%±6%,溶解态TN中NH 4+-N、NO 3--N和DON相当.不透水地表功能、交通流量、土地利用、人口密度以及卫生管理水平是影响城市地表径流水质空间分异的主要因素.土地利用对径流污染程度的影响是旧城居民区>一般城区居民区/饮食区>交通商业区>新建区>城市绿地,人口密度高和管理差的旧城区径流污染最重;道路地表径流污染程度与交通流量呈正相关,交通流量越高地表径流污染越重,1级交通干道>2级干道>支路.加强地表卫生的管理,并对地表径流污染产生的关键源区进行控制是减轻城市地表径流对水环境负面影响的有效途径.Runoff samples were collected from 14 source areas in Hanyang district during four rain events in an attempt to investigate the spatial differentiation and influencing factors of urban stormwater runoff quality.The outcomes are expected to offer practical guidance in sources control of urban runoff pollution.The results revealed that particle-bound proportion of chemical oxygen demand（COD）,total nitrogen（TN）,and total phosphorus（TP） in stormwater runoff were 58% ± 17%,65% ± 13% and 92% ± 6%,respectively.The fractions of ammonia,nitrate and dissolved organic nitrogen were homogeneous in dissolved nitrogen composition.Urban surface function,traffic volume,land use,population density,and street sweeping practice are the main factors determining spatial differentiation of urban surface runoff quality.The highest magnitude of urban stormwater runoff pollution was expected in the old urban residential area,followed by general residential with restaurants,commercial and transport area,new developments and green land.In addition,the magnitude of road stormwater runoff pollution is positively correlated to traffic volume,in the following order：the first trunk road 〉the second trunk road 〉minor road.Street sweeping and critical source areas controls should be implemented to mitigate the adverse effects of urban stormwater runoff on receive waters.

关 键 词：空间分异 城市地表径流 水质 源区监测 聚类分析 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]