山地地震资料处理方法研究及应用  

Research and Application of Mountain Seismic Data Processing Technique

作　　者：胡冰[1] 陈见伟[1] 王兆旗[1] 张金陵[1] 丁梁波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院杭州地质研究院,310023

出　　处：《岩性油气藏》2010年第F07期45-48,共4页Lithologic Reservoirs

摘　　要：因山地地表复杂，地震采集难度大，原始资料品质差，地震成像的质量严重制约了山地地区的勘探。山地地表的特点包括：①地表起伏较大，山体陡峭，沟壑纵横；②表层地质结构复杂，横向变化快。资料采集存在的主要问题包括：①信噪比低，干扰波发育；②低降速带横向变化快，静校正问题严重，这都给地震成像带来了较大的困难。文中以广西桂中山地地震资料为例，针对低信噪比和静校正这两大关键问题，首先采取叠前多域迭代去噪的思路，其次采用适合该地区的层析反演静校正，消除长波长静校正的影响，最后采用多种剩余静校正的组合方法和速度分析相结合的思路．来不断提高速度分析的精度。并逐步消除静校正的影响。实际资料处理效果表明，该方法是合理、有效的。Low quality seismic imaging, which is caused by complicated topography, bad acquisition and poor field data, restricts oil and gas exploration in mountain area. Topography in mountain area is featured by： ① Significant fluctuation, steep mountain and crisscross ravines; ② Surface geologic structure is complex, with rapid lateral variation. The acquired data has following problems： ①Low S/N ratio, developed disturbing wave; ② Both rapid lateral variation in low velocity layer and severe static correction problem bring difficulties for seismic imaging. Taking seismic data from Guizhong Mountain in Guangxi as an example, thas paper tries to solve low S/N ratio and static correction problems. Firstly, pre-stack noise elimination in multiple domains is implemented. Secondly, static correction of tomographic inversion suitable for this area is applied to eliminate the influence of long wavelength static correction. Finally, the combination of multiple residual static correction methods with velocity analysis is applied to improve the precision of velocity analysis and eliminate the influence of static correction gradually. Processing results of real data demonstrate that this method is reasonable and effective.

关 键 词：山地地震 低信噪比 叠前多域迭代去噪 层析反演静校正 剩余静校正组合 

分 类 号：P631.412[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]