云南昭通苹果早期落叶病流行动态  

Epidemic characteristics of apple early defoliation diseases in Zhaotong,Yunnan

作　　者：孔宝华[1] 阮应珍 曹克强[3] 石安宪 李云国 毛文秀[1] 邹晓军[1] 王凯[1] 赵雪琼 杨毅娟 马钧 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学云南省植物病理重点实验室农业生物多样性与病害控制教育部重点实验室,昆明650201 [2]云南昭通市植保站,650000 [3]国家苹果产业技术体系病虫害防控研究室河北农业大学植物保护学院,保定071001 [4]国家苹果产业技术体系云南综合试验站,昆明650000

出　　处：《植物保护》2010年第6期117-120,131,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家苹果产业技术体系项目(nycytx-08-04-01)

摘　　要：苹果早期落叶病是影响苹果生产的重大病害,据报道苹果早期落叶病是褐斑病[Marssonina coronaria(Ell.et Davis)Davis]、斑点落叶病(Alternaria mali Roberts)、灰斑病(Phyllosticta pirinaSacc.)等多种病害的统称。通过在云南昭通系统调查影响苹果早期落叶病的主导因素品种及栽培模式,检测和统计病原菌种类及数量,调查早期落叶病发病率和病情指数,结果表明云南昭通苹果产区早期落叶病主要包括由M.coronaria引起的褐斑病和由A.mali引起的斑点落叶病,没有发现由P.pirina引起的灰斑病和其他病害。早期落叶病发病时间与品种关系密切,‘金帅’从5月下旬开始发病,8月初为发病高峰,9月底病害结束。‘红富士’则5月中旬开始发病,8月底达到发病高峰,10月底结束。不同品种和栽培方式对早期落叶病的发生程度有显著影响。The apple early defoliation diseases could cause severe damages to apple production in China. According to investigations in Zhaotong of Yunnan province, the apple early defoliation diseases were mainly caused by Marssonina coronaria （Ell. et Davis） and Alternaria mall Roberts, while Phyllosticta pirina Sacc. and other pathogens were not found in Zhaotong. The main factors were investigated, including apple varieties and cultivation methods. The results showed that the disease occurrence periods were related to the varieties. The disease on the variety Gold Delicious＇ started in the third ten days of May, reached the peak at the beginning of August, and ended at the end of September. But the disease on the variety ＇Fuji＇ started in mid-May, reached the peak in August, and ended at the end of October. Different cultivars and cultivation methods had significant influences on the occurrence of the diseases.

关 键 词：苹果 早期落叶病 病原 流行动态 昭通 

分 类 号：S436.611.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]