睡莲生理特性日变化与黑臭河水水质的相关性  

Correlation Between Diurnal Variation of Physiological Traits of Nymphaea Tetragona and Characteristics of Heavily Polluted River Water

作　　者：卢晓明[1,2] 陈建军[2] 赵丰[2] 张勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]温州市农业科学研究院生态环境研究所,浙江温州325006 [2]华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《北京工业大学学报》2010年第11期1548-1554,共7页Journal of Beijing University of Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2008ZX07317-006);上海市科委重点项目(062312019)

摘　　要：为了分析睡莲的生理状况和它的净化效果之间的关系,测定了9个水培睡莲的净化槽的植物根组织POD、CAT活性与叶片可溶性蛋白(SP)、叶绿素(Chl)质量浓度及对应水质的日变化,同时,测定了不同净化槽中植物的形态大小、分蘖数、根密度、生物量、氮磷积累,探讨了植物生理特性日变化与黑臭河水水质的相关性及植物栽植密度对其生理特性及净水效果的影响,另设空白对照槽(CK).结果表明,植物根组织POD、CAT活性、叶片Chla、Chlb、SP质量浓度与净化槽出水溶P、NH4+-N去除率间呈正相关;栽植密度较高的净化槽,植物的根、茎、叶较长,分蘖数、根密度较大,植株生物量、氮磷积累较高,叶片Chla、Chlb、SP质量浓度与净化槽出水溶P、NH4+-N去除率较高,而根组织POD、CAT活性较弱;随着阳光增强,植物根组织POD、CAT活性增强,叶片SP、Chla、Chlb质量浓度及净化槽出水溶P、NH4+-N去除率升高,其中,叶片Chla、Chlb、SP质量浓度及净化槽出水DO质量浓度日变化呈双峰型,峰值约在12:00、14:00,在13:00左右,植物叶片Chla、Chlb、SP质量浓度及净化槽出水DO质量浓度下降;在10:00—14:00时段,植物根组织CAT、POD活性、叶片Chla、Chlb、SP质量浓度及净化槽出水溶P、NH4+-N去除率高于其他时段.In order to analyze the relationship between the physiology of Nymphaea tetragona and the purification,Nymphaea tetragona was cultivated in 9 tanks with various planting densities to investigate diurnal variation of physiological characteristics of plants including peroxidase（POD） and catalase（CAT） activities of the root tissues,soluble proteins（SP）,chlorophyll（Chl） mass concentrations of the leaves and main physical and chemical characteristics of the effluents.Meanwhile,morphological dimensions,tillers,root densities,biomass and nitrogen（N） and phosphorus（P） accumulation of plants were measured.Correlation between diurnal variation of physiological characteristics of plants and N and P removals of effluents was analyzed,and effects of planting densities on physiological characteristics of the plants and purifying effects of the effluents were studied,and a tank without planting for control（CK） was set.Results showed POD and CAT activities of the root tissues,Chla,Chb and SP mass concentrations of the leaves had positive correlations with NH＋4-N and soluble P removals of the effluents.In the tanks with higher planting densities,the plants had longer roots,stems and leaves,more tillers,root densities,biomass and N and P accumulations,higher Chla,Chb and SP mass concentrations of the leaves and NH＋4-N and soluble P removals of the effluents,while POD and CAT activities of the roots tissues declined.With stronger sunlight,POD and CAT activities of the roots tissues,Chla,Chb and SP mass concentrations of the leaves,NH＋4-N and soluble P removals of the effluents all increased.Chla,Chlb and SP mass concentrations of the leaves and DO concentrations of the effluents showed double-peak styles at about 12：00 and 14：00,and the bottom between two peaks appeared at about 13：00.At 10：00-14：00,CAT and POD activities of the root tissues,Chla,Chlb and SP mass concentrations of the leaves,NH＋4-N and soluble P removals of the effluents all exceeded the other times at the day.

关 键 词：黑臭河水 睡莲 生理特性 日变化 水质 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]