儿童及成人变应性鼻炎患者症状及生活质量评估  

Analysis of symptoms and quality of life in adults and children with allergic rhinitis

作　　者：曹瑞娟[1] 许昱[1] 陶泽璋[1] 张怡[1] 陈婉仪[1] 邓爱玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,湖北武汉430061

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科》2010年第11期575-579,共5页Chinese Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：科技部"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2007BAI18B15)

摘　　要：目的分析评价儿童变应性鼻炎患者的症状和生活质量及两者的相关性,同时评估皮肤点刺试验(skin prick test,SPT)结果与症状、生活质量的相关性。方法分别用症状视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)和鼻结膜炎相关生活质量问卷(rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire,RQLQ)评价儿童及成人变应性鼻炎患者的症状严重程度及生活质量,记录SPT结果,并进行统计学分析。结果①儿童与成人VAS各项症状间比较均有显著性差异(F=121.25,P<0.01;F=264.89,P<0.01),儿童患者评分最高的症状是鼻塞,而成人患者的首要症状是喷嚏。②儿童及成人RQLQ中生活质量最受影响的方面均为鼻部症状(3.04±5.80,P<0.01;2.72±1.68,P<0.01)。③VAS和RQLQ相关性分析提示,儿童及成人患者VAS鼻部总评分与RQLQ的总分均呈正相关,其中儿童患者难以入睡评分及因症状而觉得尴尬评分与鼻涕VAS评分呈正相关(r=0.230,P=0.043;r=0.325,P=0.004),夜间醒来次数评分与鼻痒、喷嚏VAS评分呈正相关(r=0.385,P=0.001;r=0.231,P=0.042);而成人患者睡眠方面评分、无耐心或烦躁、易怒评分均与鼻塞VAS评分呈正相关(P<0.01),此外喷嚏VAS评分也与部分情感呈正相关(P<0.01)。④SPT结果与两量表的各方面及总分均无显著相关。结论儿童与成人患者症状和生活质量存在差异;鼻涕、鼻痒可能是影响儿童患者生活质量的主要原因,而鼻塞、喷嚏对成人患者生活质量的影响更为显著;变应原级别与症状严重程度及生活质量无显著相关。OBJECTIVE To evaluate the symptoms and quality of life in adults and children with allergic rhinitis,and to analyze the correlation among the skin prick tests（SPT）results,symptoms and quality of life.METHODS Visual analogue scale（VAS）was used to assess the symptoms severity,and the rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire（RQLQ）was used to assess the quality of life.The SPT results were recorded and statistics analysis was carried out among them.RESULTS1.There were significant differences among the items of VAS between children and adults（F=121.25,P〈0.01;F=264.89,P〈0.01）,the score of nasal blockage was the highest for child patients,and sneezing was the major symptom for adult patients.2.Nasal symptom item was the most affected item of RQLQ for both children and adult patients（3.04±5.80,P〈0.01;2.72±1.68,P〈0.01）.3.The relation analysis showed：There was a significant relationship between VAS and RQLQ in child and adult patients.For child patients,the score of difficulty to get to sleep and embarrassed by symptoms were significantly correlated with rhinorrhea VAS score（r=0.230,P=0.043;r=0.325,P=0.004）,the score of waking up during the night was significantly correlated with nasal itching and sneezing VAS scores（r=0.385,P=0.001;r=0.231,P=0.042）.But the score of each item of sleep disturbances were significantly correlated with nasal blockage VAS score for adult patients（P〈0.01）.For adult patients,nasal blockage VAS score was also signi？cantly correlated with many other aspects of quality of life such as the score of impatient and the score of irritability.For child patients,the score of embarrassed by symptoms was significantly correlated with rhinorrhea VAS score（r=0.325,P=0.004）.While for adult patients,it was significantly correlated with sneezing VAS score（r=0.150,P=0.030）.4.The results of the SPT had no relation with VAS and RQLQ（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION There are difference in symptom and quality of life between child and adult patients.Rhinorrhea

关 键 词：鼻炎 变应性 常年性 生活质量 疼痛测定鼻结膜炎相关生活质量问卷 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]