东海海面辐射特征及影响因子分析  

Analysis of Characteristics of Sea-Surface Radiation and Its Impact Factors in East China Sea

作　　者：王丹[1] 盛立芳[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋气象学系,山东青岛266100 [2]海洋-大气相互作用气候实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]物理海洋教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第12期8-16,共9页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家908专项(908-ZC-1-01)资助

摘　　要：利用2006—2007年东海海区(120°E^128°E,26°N^31°N)的太阳辐射、常规气象和皮温等观测资料,分析太阳辐射季节变化特征,并讨论其与相关因子的关系;分析大气透过率与太阳高度角、总云量和相对湿度的关系,并进一步讨论海面反照率与太阳高度角、大气透过率和风的相关性。结果表明:东海海区辐射分量除向上短波辐射外,都表现出夏季最大,冬季最小的季节变化特征;大气透过率秋季最大,夏季最小;海面反照率秋季最大,春季最小。向下(上)短波辐射主要受太阳高度角和云量影响,向下长波辐射与气温、相对湿度的相关性较好,向上长波辐射与皮温的关系非常密切;大气透过率在少云时主要受太阳高度角影响,多云时主要受总云量影响,空气湿度的影响较弱;大气透过率变大时海面反照率减小;太阳高度角是影响海面反照率最主要的因素,且影响作用随着大气透过率的变大而增强,太阳高度角越大,海面反照率越小;风引起的海面粗糙度影响最弱,在太阳高度角较高、大气透过率较大时,风增大海面反照率的作用增强。Based on the data sets,including solar radiation,routine meteorological observations and skin temperature,collected in the ＂908＂ project in the East China Sea（120°E^128°E,26°N^31°N）during 2006 and 2007,the paper analyzedseasonal variation characteristics of solar radiation and the relationship between the solar radiation and its impact factors.Further,the paper analyzed the correlation between the solar altitude angle,the total cloud cover,the relative humidity and the atmospheric transmissivity,additionally,and the correlations between the solar altitude angle,the atmospheric transmissivity,the wind and the sea-surface albedo.It is shown that the solar radiation and its various components are the greatest in summer and the smallest in winter except for downward solar radiation.The atmospheric transmissivity is the greatest in autumn and the smallest in summer.The sea surface albedo is the greatest in autumn and the smallest in spring.The solar altitude angle and the cloudy cover are the main impact factors of the downward and the upward solar radiation.The correlation between the air temperature,the relative humidity and the downward long wave radiation is good.The upward long wave radiation is greatly affected by the skin temperature.The atmospheric transmissivity is greatly affected by the solar altitude angle when cloudiness is few and by the total cloudy cover when cloudiness is much.The sea-surface albedo will decrease when the atmospheric transmissivity increases.Effect of the solar altitude angle,which is the most important impact factor of the sea-surface albedo,is noticeable when the atmospheric transmissivity is bigger.Wind is a weak impact factor of the sea-surface albedo.Effect of the wind is enhanced when the atmospheric transmissivity or the solar altitude angle is bigger.

关 键 词：东海海区 太阳辐射 大气透过率 海面反照率 

分 类 号：P732.6[天文地球—海洋科学]