辽宁朝阳凤凰山剖面古土壤序列土壤发育特征研究  

A Study on the Genetic Features of a Paleosol Sequence at Fenghuang Mountain in Chaoyang, Liaoning Province

作　　者：韩春兰[1] 王秋兵[1] 郭月[1] 白晨辉[1] 陈辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《土壤通报》2010年第6期1281-1287,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40671079;40971124)资助

摘　　要：通过对形态特征、矿质元素含量变化及分布特征、元素的淋溶(或聚积)状况、土壤发育指标等进行分析,探讨了辽宁朝阳凤凰山剖面古土壤序列的土壤发育特征和发育程度。研究结果表明,在凤凰山古土壤剖面中,自地表向下至19.85 m范围内,除现代土壤层S0(0～108 cm)外,还可划分出9个土壤地层,包括5层黄土(L1～L5)和4层古红土(S1～S4)。所有这些土壤地层都是发育在风积粉尘母质上的古土壤,形成时间介于71～423 ka B.P.之间。古土壤的发生与成土母质(粉尘)的沉积同步进行,发育成红色还是黄色的古土壤决定于不同的成土环境条件和粉尘沉积速率的相对大小。在凤凰山古土壤序列中,各层古红土比各层黄土质古土壤经受了更强的风化和淋溶作用,古红土发育程度明显强于黄土质古土壤。5层黄土质古土壤比较,土壤发育程度最弱的是L1层,最强的是L5层;比较4层古红土的发育程度,最弱的是S2层。纵观凤凰山古土壤序列,各个发育不同程度的古土壤交错排列,说明当地成土环境(气候)在423～71 ka B.P.间经过多次波动变化。Based on the morphological characteristics,the content changes of mineral elements and their vertical distribution regularity,eluviation and accumulation,soil-developing indicators and other features,the genetic features of each paleosol in a Paleosol sequence at Fenghuang Mountain in Chaoyang,Liaoning Province,were studied in the paper.The results obtained showed that the profile at Fenghuang Mountain from 108 cm to 1998 cm below the earth surface could be divided into nine layers,including five loessial layers（L1,L2,L3,L4,L5）and four latosol-like layers（S1,S2,S3,S4）.All of them were paleosols developed on the parent material of wind-blown dusts,which were deposited in different geological ages from 71 ka B.P.to 423 ka B.P..As the dusts were added,the wind-blown dusts developed gradually into soils（paleosols）.These paleosols made up of a paleosol sequence.The parent material of wind-blown dusts developed into different soils with the various colors from brown to red,which depend on the soil-formation conditions and relative deposition rate when the dust added.Compared with the loessial layers,each latosol-like layer experienced more intensive weathering and eluviation in the paleosol sequence,so the latosol-like paleosols developed well than the loessial layers did obviously.Among the four latosol-like layers,the layer S2 was the weakest one in development.Among the five loessial layers,the layer L1 was the weakest one in development,the layer L5 developed much stronger.Summarizing the paleosol sequence at Fenghuang Mountain,each paleosol with different development degree arranged crossbeddedly,which indicated that local soil-formation condition or climate has been changed greatly time after time from 423 ka B.P.to 71 ka B.P..

关 键 词：古土壤 古红土 黄土质古土壤 发育特征 辽宁朝阳 

分 类 号：S155[农业科学—土壤学]