Brφnsted酸性离子液体催化合成长链脂肪酸甲酯  

Synthesis of long-chain aliphatic acid methyl esters catalyzed by Brφnsted-acidic ionic liquids

作　　者：林棋[1] 李心忠[1] 娄本勇[1] 陈毅挺[1] 

机构地区：[1]闽江学院化学与化学工程系,福建福州350108

出　　处：《化学研究与应用》2010年第12期1537-1540,共4页Chemical Research and Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20905034);福建省教育厅科技项目资助(JA09190;JA09189)

摘　　要：本文合成了以1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑为阳离子,HSO4-、H2PO4-和BF4-为阴离子的Brφnsted酸性离子液体,并以长链脂肪酸与甲醇的酯化反应考察了这些Brφnsted酸性离子液体的催化性能。实验结果表明,1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢根鎓盐([bmim][HSO4])离子液体具有很高的催化活性,当n(醇)∶n(酸)∶n(离子液体)=6∶1∶0.25,反应温度为70℃,不分水酯化反应2h,长链脂肪酸甲酯的产率可达到93.4%以上,选择性达到100%;且产物酯与离子液体分离容易;离子液体经干燥处理后可以循环使用5次以上,催化活性没有明显降低。The Brφnsted-acidic ionic liquids based on 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation with anions HSO4-、H2PO4-and BF4-,were synthesized.The catalytic activities of the acidic ionic liquids for the esterification of long-chain aliphatic acids with methanol were investigated.The effects of the reaction time,amount of catalyst and mole ratio of reactants on the esterification reaction were studied to optimize the reaction conditions.The experimental results showed that the esterification could be promoted by the ionic liquid （1-n-butyl-3-methylimidozalium sulfonated salt）.The reactions were carried out smoothly under the mild reaction conditions with excellent catalytic activity（more than 93.4% conversion of aliphatic acid） having 100% selectivity towards aliphatic acid methyl esters without removal of water during the esterification.Moreover,the products could be facilely separated by simple decantation,and the ionic liquids can be reused more than five times without a significant decrease in the activity.

关 键 词：离子液体 脂肪酸甲酯 酯化反应 生物柴油 

分 类 号：O643[理学—物理化学]