不同耕作措施对旱作春玉米农田土壤呼吸影响的研究--土壤温度对土壤呼吸速率的影响  

Effects of different tillage on soil respiration rate of spring corn in the dryland of North China——Effects of soil temperature on soil respiration rate

作　　者：代快[1] 蔡典雄[1,2] 王燕[1] 赵全胜[1] 张丁辰[1] 冯宗会[1] 张晓明[1] 王小彬[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业部作物营养与施肥重点开放实验室,北京100081 [2]农业部旱作节水重点开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2010年第6期64-69,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展“973”计划项目(2007CB109305/2011CB100501);中国科学技术协会课题(2009ZCYJ15);国家“863”计划项目(2006AA100220)

摘　　要：以山西省寿阳县长期耕作试验为基础,采用碱吸收法研究不同耕作土壤呼吸,结果表明,在中国北方旱作玉米地不同耕作土壤呼吸速率动态变化趋势皆与土壤温度季节变化规律一样,呈单峰抛物线型,峰值出现在7月上旬,达C 1 253 mg/(m2.d);不同时期土壤呼吸速率均值,少耕为C 650 mg/(m2.d)和免耕为C 658 mg/(m2.d),分别比传统耕作C 649 mg/(m2.d)高0.1%和1.4%;不同耕作下土壤呼吸速率与土壤温度均呈显著正相关,免耕>传统耕作>少耕;免耕能显著增加土壤呼吸温度敏感性,免耕Q10值为2.26,比传统耕作高出40.1%,与少耕Q10值1.41相比则降低12.6%;15 cm和10 cm土层Q10均值分别为2.05和1.98,比5 cm土层Q10值分别显著高出64.7%和59.1%。可以看出,耕作措施改变土壤温度是影响旱作农田CO2排放的重要因素。Soil respiration is mainly effected by the different soil tillage under dryland farming and its environmental conditions.The effects of soil tillage on soil respiration rate of spring corn was studied periodically using the alkali absorption method under a long-term trial,which was established in 2003 and located in Shouyang Dryland Farming Experimental Station in Shanxi province.The results showed that the dynamic tendency of soil respiration under different soil tillage was well consistent with the dynamic of soil temperature in dryland of North China,which was in the parabola shape and the peak value C 1 253 mg/（m2·d） appears in the first ten days of July;Compared with traditional tillage[C 650 mg/（m2·d）],the average soil respiration rate of reduced tillage[C 650 mg/（m2·d）] and no-tillage[C 650 mg/（m2·d）] were 0.1% and 1.4% more;Soil respiration rate had a significantly positive correlation with soil temperature,no-tillage treatment traditional tillage reduced tillage;Q10of no-tillage（2.26）was 40.1% more than Q10in traditional tillage and Q10 of reduced tillage（1.41）was 12.6% less than traditional,no-tillage has significantly enhance the sensitivity of soil respiration.Q10 in 15 cm and 10 cm soil layer was 64.7% and 59.1% higher than Q10 in 5 cm.It could be in conclusion that soil tillage and soil temperature were the key effect factors for the CO2 emission from spring corn field in dryland farming.

关 键 词：耕作措施 旱作农田 春玉米 土壤温度 土壤呼吸速率 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S154