加拿大一枝黄花的开花动态及柱头与花粉活力  

Flowering phenology,stigma receptivity and pollen viability in Solidago canadensis L.

作　　者：郝建华[1,2] 钱海军[1] 强胜[2] 姜雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]常熟理工学院,江苏常熟215500 [2]南京农业大学杂草研究室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2010年第6期63-67,共5页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学基金项目(08KJD210001);苏州市科技计划项目(YJG0911);国家公益性行业科研专项(200709017);国家973计划项目(2009CB119200)

摘　　要：对加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis L.)的花序结构、开花动态进行了观察,并运用联苯胺-过氧化氢法和联苯胺法,对其柱头活力和花粉活力进行了研究。结果表明:加拿大一枝黄花的花序为具有雌花和两性花的异型头状花序,属于雌全性系统。开花结果过程可大致分为舌状花开放期、管状花开放期、果实发育期和果实成熟期。柱头活力在开花第2天开始出现,开花后的第6天达到最高,第3天至第7天均维持在较高水平;花粉活力则在开花后第5天开始出现,开花后第8天达最高,第7天至第9天均维持在较高水平。加拿大一枝黄花头状花序的结构特征以及柱头活力和花粉活力的比较研究结果均显示出其有利于异交的特征和机制,有利于提高种子产生的数量和质量,增强其入侵性。The structure and flowering phenology of capitulum,pollen viability and stigma receptivity in Solidago canadensis L. were studied in this paper. The results showed that capitulum of S. canadensis was heterotypic one being composed of female and bisexual florets. It is gynomonoecious species. Flowering phenology of capitilum is classified into the following four stages,i. e,the stage of peripheral florets flowering,the stage of disk florets flowering,the stage of achene development and the stage of achene maturity. Stigma receptivity and pollen viability changed during the different development stage of capitula. The stigma receptivity appeared on the 2nd day after flowering,were highest on the 6th day after flowering,and were high from the 3th day to the 7th day after flowering. The pollen viability appeared on the 5th day after flowering,were highest on the 8th day after flowering,and were high from the 7th day to the 9th day after flowering. The structure and flowering phenology of capitulumin in S. canadensis displayed the characteristics of being beneficial to cross-pollination and seed production.

关 键 词：菊科 加拿大一枝黄花 花粉活力 柱头活力 头状花序 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]