鸡菌与其共生白蚁共生关系研究进展  

Mutualistic Associations Between Termites (Macrotermitinae) and Termitomyces

作　　者：张玉金[1] 郭华春[2] 陈严平[1] 付子艳[1] 王翠玲[1] 李梦杰[1] 李荣春[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学食用菌研究所,云南昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学薯类作物研究所,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2010年第3期67-72,共6页Acta Edulis Fungi

摘　　要：综述鸡菌(Termitomyces spp.)及其共生白蚁的共生起源、共生关系及共生繁衍的研究进展,以期为深入研究鸡菌及其共生白蚁提供参考。鸡菌及其共生白蚁起源于3千万年前非洲中部的热带雨林。在蚁巢中,白蚁为鸡菌提供培养基并抑制其它微生物的生长;鸡菌帮助白蚁降解食物并为白蚁提供营养丰富的菌丝体(小白球)。白蚁婚飞和筑巢等活动使鸡菌得到远距离传播。The origin and nature of mutualistic relationships between Termitomyces spp.and termites（Macrotermitinae） have been reviewed.Termites descended from a single ancestor that ＇invented＇ agriculture approximately 30 million years ago,and their mutualism with Termitomyces spp.originated in the African rain forest.In a formicary,Termitomyces spp.gain advantage through access to plant material which,because of its easy degradation and assimilation,is suitable for fungal growth.Furthermore,the termites provide an optimal microclimate that prevents the growth of other Termitomyces-inhibiting fungi.Termites benefit by having access to chemically complex substances and degradation products generated by Termitomyces spp and to nutrient-rich mycelial aggregates.Termite mating flights and establishment of new nests in distant locations also facilitate the geographical distribution of Termitomyces.

关 键 词：鸡菌 白蚁 共生 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]