水面舰艇长期远航影响舰员生理和心理健康状况的时间窗比较  

Time-window Difference between the Effects of Long-time Voyage on Physical and Mental Health of Navy Servicemen on Surface Ship

作　　者：曹云飞[1] 陈大军[1] 杨昌燕 叶汉深[1] 谢培增[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军421医院急诊科,广东广州510318 [2]海南省三亚市榆林基地防疫所

出　　处：《华南国防医学杂志》2010年第6期470-473,共4页Military Medical Journal of South China

基　　金：全军医学科学技术"十五"计划指令性课题(01L010)

摘　　要：目的比较研究水面舰艇长期远航影响舰员生理和心理健康状况的时间窗差异,为制定合理的卫勤保健提供依据。方法随舰统计某水面舰艇258名男性舰员远航20周期间的患病情况(两周患病率);并于出航前第7天和远航第28天、77天、142天采用症状自评量表(Symptom Checklist90,SCL-90)对舰员的心理健康状况进行抽样调查分析。结果出航后舰员的两周患病率急剧升高、并迅速达到高峰,以后逐渐下降。远航8周后的两周患病率趋于稳定和常态化,与出航前比较未见明显差异(P>0.05);远航第28天舰员SCL-90总均分和各项因子分值与出航前比较无明显差异(P>0.05),但远航第77天舰员的SCL-90总均分和躯体化、敌对性、偏执、其他因子分值明显高于出航前水平(P<0.05),其中敌对性因子分值还明显高于军人常模值(P<0.05)。远航第142天的心理测评中,除其他因子项分值仍显著高于出航前水平(P<0.05)外,舰员的SCL-90总均分和各因子分值均基本回落至出航前水平(P>0.05)。结论水面舰艇长期远航影响舰员生理和心理健康状况的时间窗存在明显差异,前者位于远航初期,而后者在航行中期。Objective To compare the difference of time-windows between the effects of long-time voyage on physical and mental health of navy servicemen on surface ship,so as to provide the reference for reasonable medical service.Methods Two-week prevalence rates of the navy servicemen in a surface ship voyaging for 20 weeks in 2009 were surveyed.A reproducibility and cross-sectional survey with Symptom Checklist 90（SCL-90） tests was conducted to investigate the mental health of navy servicemen at 7 days before deployment,and 28 days,77 days,142 days after deployment during the long-time voyage.Results Two-week prevalence rates of the navy servicemen rose sharply and reached peak rapidly after the deployment,and then decreased gradually in the prophase during long-time voyage（within 8 weeks）.The two-week prevalence rates tended to be stable and normal without significant difference compared with that before deployment（P〈0.05）.The mental status of navy servicemen was still in good condition at 28 days after deployment.But at 77 days after deployment,the psychological state degraded significantly,with higher SCL-90 total mean score and factors scores of somatization,hostility,paranoid and additional factors（P〈0.05）.The score of hostility was higher than the Chinese armymen norm（P〈0.05）.At 142 days after deployment,all scores of the factors decreased to the normal levels as before deployment（P〈0.05）,except the score of ＂additional factor＂ of SCL-90 which was still higher（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Physical and mental health of the navy servicemen on surface ship can be affected by long-time voyage in different time-windows,with the former in the early phase and the latter in the middle phase of the voyage.

关 键 词：水面舰艇 长期远航 心理 生理 时间窗 

分 类 号：R833[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]