不同年龄牦牛冠状动脉的组织学结构特征  

Histological characteristics of coronary artery of yak in different ages

作　　者：胡俊伟[1] 崔燕[1] 余四九[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物医学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国兽医科学》2010年第6期631-635,共5页Chinese Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30960270)

摘　　要：为研究高原动物冠状动脉的组织学结构特征,以生活在海拔3500m以上的不同年龄牦牛为对象,运用组织学方法对其心脏冠状动脉及主要分支的组织学结构进行了观察。结果显示,牦牛冠状动脉不同分支管壁的组成成分存在明显差异,尤其表现为不同个体间右冠状动脉的性质有较大变化。肌性冠状动脉的外膜与中膜之间没有外弹性膜;中膜很发达,主要由平滑肌组成,大部分为环形排列,靠近外膜处出现纵行平滑肌束,其数量随年龄的增长明显增多;内膜的内皮下结缔组织层缺失,内弹性膜在5月龄发生断裂,成年时断裂处出现次级内弹性膜。各年龄段牦牛冠状动脉内膜的相对厚度的平均值r均小于0.1,没有发现性别差异。说明牦牛冠状动脉的独特结构及增龄性变化可能是其对特殊血流动力学压力的一种适应。To investigate histological structure of coronary artery of animals living in plateau,the coronary artery and its main branches in heart of different age yak living at 3 500 m high altitude were observed by light microscopy.The wall of coronary artery branches in yak had obvious difference in composition,especially in the right coronary artery among different individuals.Within muscular coronary artery,there was no external elastic membrane,the tunica media was well-developed and mainly composed of smooth muscle cells,and most of them were arranged circularly.Near the tunica externa,bundles of longitudinal smooth muscle were observed and increased with the increase of age.The layer of subendothelial connective tissue was deficiency in muscular coronary artery of the yak.There were fractures presented in internal elastic membrane in 5-month-old yak,then the secondary internal elastic membrane gradually appeared in fracture in adult yak.The average values（r） of relative thickness of the intima were less than 0.1 in all age groups.No difference was observed in both sexes.These results showed that the histological structure of coronary artery was unique and greater changes occurred in yak with increased age,which might be an adaption to special pressure of hemodynamic.

关 键 词：牦牛 心脏 冠状动脉 纵行平滑肌 组织结构 

分 类 号：S852.162[农业科学—基础兽医学]