灌水量对枸杞根茎次生木质部结构和组成的影响  

Structures and Compositions of Root and Stem Secondary Xylem Anatomy of Lycium barbarum with Different Irrigation Amounts

作　　者：郑国琦[1,2,3] 赵猛[3] 张磊[2] 郑国保[4] 胡正海[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨陵712100 [2]宁夏大学生命科学学院,银川750021 [3]西北大学生命科学学院,西安710069 [4]宁夏农业生物技术重点实验室,银川750002

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2010年第11期2170-2176,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室开放基金(10501-223);宁夏科技攻关

摘　　要：以4年生宁夏枸杞树为材料,通过非称重式蒸渗器进行定量灌溉试验,研究了不同灌水量对枸杞根和茎内次生木质部结构及其组成的影响。结果显示:(1)随着灌水量的增加,枸杞根内次生木质部导管直径逐渐增加,且两者呈极显著正相关(r=0.942);在灌水量为900 m3/hm2时导管频率最大、纤维面积所占的比例最小,同时,根次生木质部导管面积比例与导管频率的变化趋势一致,而木薄壁细胞面积比例则与灌水量呈不显著正相关(r=0.835)。(2)枸杞茎内次生木质部导管直径在灌水量为900 m3/hm2时达到最大,导管频率则与灌水量呈极显著负相关(r=-0.963);茎次生木质部内导管面积比例在灌水量为450 m3/hm2时最大,纤维面积所占的比例则与灌水量呈显著正相关(r=0.964);木薄壁细胞面积比例则与灌水量呈极显著负相关(r=-0.989)。(3)枸杞根和茎内木射线频率随灌水量的增加而减少,且分别与灌水量呈极显著负相关(r=-0.96和r=-0.99),即根和茎内木射线的横向运输功能随着灌水量的增加而减弱。研究表明,宁夏枸杞根和茎内次生木质部结构和组成分子的数量随灌水量而变化,适度的灌水量(900 m3/hm2)使枸杞的根茎导管直径增加,导管频率降低,以维持枸杞体内输水系统较适宜的有效性和安全性。Irrigation experiments was conducted to study the effects of different irrigation amounts on the structures and compositions of root and stem secondary xylem anatomy of Lycium barbarum L.by the non-weight lysimeter.The results showed that：（1）with the increasing of irrigation amount,the vessel diameter of root became more and more wide,and the more significantly positive correlation existed with them（r=0.942）.Vessel frequency was the highest under 900 m3/hm2.The change of ratio of vessel area to secondary xylem area was consisted with vessel frequency.The ratio of fibre area to secondary xylem area decreased at first and then increased,and the value was the lowest under 900 m3/hm2.The ratio of parenchyma cell area to secondary xylem was non-significantly positive correlation with different irrigation amount（r=0.835）;（2）Vessel diameter of stem was the highest under 900 m3/hm2.The significantly negative correlation was displayed between them（r=-0.963）.The ratio of vessel area to secondary xylem area was the highest under 450 m3/hm2.The ratio of fibre area to secondary xylem area increased,and the significantly positive correlation existed with them（r=0.964）.However,the change of the ratio of parenchyma cell area to secondary xylem was opposite to fibre in stem（r=-0.989）;（3）The ray frequency of root and stem were decreased with the increasing of irrigation amount,and displayed the significantly negative correlation between ray frequency and irrigation amount,respectively（r=-0.96 and r=-0.99）.The decreasing of the ray frequency of secondary xylem indicated the weakening of horizontal transportation function in root and stem.Therefore,with the increasing of irrigation amount,the number of molecules of the structures and composition of secondary xylem of root and stem of L.barbarum changed.Moderate irrigation（900 m3/hm2） caused the increasing of vessel diameter,but reducing the frequency,so as to maintain suitable efficacy and safety of water system in L.barbarum.

关 键 词：灌水量 根 茎 输水系统 枸杞 

分 类 号：Q944.5[生物学—植物学]