磷氮系水基型纤维阻燃剂  

The Water-based Fire Retardant of Nitrogen Phosphorus for Fibers

作　　者：刘应杰[1] 郭玉忠[1] 陈冬华[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学材料科学与工程学院,昆明650093

出　　处：《材料导报（纳米与新材料专辑）》2010年第2期477-479,483,共4页

基　　金：云南省科技攻关项目(09s090104)

摘　　要：以磷酸、碳酸胍为原料,制备了磷酸胍(磷酸一胍和磷酸二胍)阻燃剂,研究了其合成条件,并确定了最佳的比例(碳酸胍与磷酸的物质的量比为1:1.65),pH值为7.4,用红外光谱确定了其结构。另用硼酸、钼酸钾作为消烟剂,辅以柔顺剂、渗透剂复配成可用于织物的水基型防火液。用其对纯棉面料进行阻燃整理,通过极限氧指数LOI、扫描电镜SEM、热重分析进行测试,结果表明,经该防火液整理后纯棉织物的LOI由19.5提升至36.2,达到难燃B1级。过火织物纤维表面发泡明显,热失重速率明显下降,放热强度降低,成炭明显增加,阻燃效果明显。最后探讨了其膨胀阻燃的机理。Flame retardant of guanidine phosphate （Ouanidine hydrogen phosphate and diguanidinium hydrogen phosphate） is prepared with phosphoric acid and guanidine carbonate, and optimal condition is obtained that the optimum ratio（molar ratio of guanidine carbonate to phosphoric acid） and optimum pH value are 1 ： 1.65 and 7. 4 respectively. The structure of the production is confirmed by infrared spectrum. Water-based flame retardant liquid which could be used for fabric is prepared using boracic acid and potassium molybdate as smoke eliminating agent using smoothing agent with penetrating agent. Flame retardant finish for 100% cotton fabric is carried out. Tests of LOI, SEM and TG indicate that LOI of pure cotton fabric finished with fireproofing liquid improves from 19.5 to 36. 2, and reaches the rank of difficult fired B1 classic. Fiber surface of fired fabric foams obviously, rate of thermal weight loss decreases significantly, heat liberation intensity reduces, char formation intensifies significantly, and the effect of flame retardant is evidently. The expansion mechanism of flame retardant is discussed at last.

关 键 词：水基 阻燃整理 磷/氮系阻燃剂 膨胀型 协同作用 

分 类 号：TQ314.248[化学工程—高聚物工业]