城市地下轨道交通火灾风险评估体系模型研究——以某地铁车站为例  

Study on Fire Risk Assessment System for Urban Underground Rail Traffic:A Subway Station is Selected as Example

作　　者：李炎锋[1] 石勃伟[2] 王超[1] 李俊梅[1] 樊洪明[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100124 [2]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100049

出　　处：《防灾减灾工程学报》2010年第6期680-684,共5页Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAJ27B04);国家自然科学基金面上项目(50878012)资助

摘　　要：用按时序分阶段的评估方法建立了城市地下交通火灾风险评估体系的架构,并用改进的层次分析法建立了多层次评估指标权重模型,建立了判断火灾风险的评价标准。以北京地铁二号线某车站为例,在对其现有设备资料和运行特性进行详细调研分析的基础上,把风险评估结构划分为目标层、准则层、指标层,并按照现有的参考依据对各项影响火灾安全的风险因素进行赋值计算,得到了火灾各个阶段该车站的火灾风险水平,并对评价中的薄弱环节,提出了有针对性的建议。研究结果可供地下交通系统火灾应急预案制定参考。A fire risk assessment system for urban underground traffic is established according to phases of fire scenarios.The improved AHP method is used for developing multi-hierarchy model of element weights assessment and standard of fire risk.Finally,a typical subway station of Beijing metros system is selected. Based on detailed analyses of current equipment and operation character,fire risk assessment structure is divided into three phases including aim layer,rule layer and index layer.The fire risk level of every phase of subway fire is obtained.Some suggestions on the weak links of assessment are put forward.The results can provide reference for safety operation and emergency response plan establishment of urban underground traffic system.

关 键 词：地铁火灾 风险评估 安全疏散 模拟计算 

分 类 号：U458[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]