辽宁老秃顶子保护区野猪冬季觅食地生境选择  

Foraging habitat selection of wild boar in Laotudingzi Natural Reserve of Liaoning Province in winter

作　　者：李乐[1] 刘鹤[1] 万冬梅[1] 马强[2] 张树清 刘志利 

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学生命科学学院,沈阳110036 [2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091 [3]辽宁老秃顶子国家级自然保护区管理局,辽宁桓仁117219

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第12期2408-2413,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BADB0B0304-2);国家自然科学基金项目(30670288);辽宁省教育厅重点实验室资助项目(2008S099)

摘　　要：2009年11月—2010年3月对辽宁老秃顶子国家级自然保护区野猪冬季觅食地生境选择进行了研究,同时调查了觅食地样方中的14个生态因子(植被类型、海拔高度、坡位、坡向等),运用痕迹检验法和主成分分析方法,对野猪的觅食地进行了分析。结果表明:野猪喜欢选择在食物丰富、人为干扰较小、距水源较近、隐蔽程度较高、坡度较平缓的阳坡活动,在没有或者很少有倒木、树桩和大块山石的地方活动觅食;对其冬季觅食地生境选择影响最大的5个因子分别是人为干扰、水源、食物、隐蔽性和灌木,其贡献率分别为19.45%、14.04%、13.03%、12.19%和10.37%。To understand the characteristics of foraging habitat selection of wild boar （Sus scrofa） in Laotudingzi Nature Reserve of Liaoning Province in winter, an investigation was made from November 2009 to March 2010, with 14 ecological factors, including vegetation type, altitude, slope position, and aspect, etc., at each sampling site examined by trace test and principal component analysis. The S. scrofa preferred the gentle sunny slope with more food, low human disturbance, high sheltering, near water source, and foraged at the places with no or very few fallen trees, stumps, and stones. The five most important factors affecting the foraging habitat selection of S. scrofa in winter were human disturbance, water source, food, sheltering, and shrub, and their contribution rates were 19.45%, 14.04%, 13.03%, 12.19%, and 10.37%, respectively.

关 键 词：野猪 觅食 生境选择 冬季 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]