γ-氨基丁酸对夏季高温期蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质的影响及其机理研究  

Effects and Mechanism of γ-aminobutyric Acid on Laying Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens under High Temperature in Summer

作　　者：李慧[1] 唐飞江[1] 孙涛[1] 邹晓庭[1] 周斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学饲料科学研究所,动物分子营养学教育部重点实验室,杭州310029

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2010年第6期1745-1751,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家蛋鸡产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(nycytx-41)

摘　　要：试验选取480只320日龄罗曼蛋鸡,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复32只鸡,分别饲喂添加0(对照组)、25、50、75、100 mg/kgγ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的试验饲粮,试验期60 d,研究GABA对夏季高温期蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质的影响,并从内分泌、抗氧化性能、免疫性能等方面探讨其作用机理。结果表明:1)饲粮添加GABA对采食量无显著影响(P>0.05),对产蛋性能有显著的提高作用(P<0.05),其中50 mg/kg水平添加效果较佳,与对照组相比,产蛋率、平均蛋重显著提高(P<0.05),料蛋比显著降低(P<0.05)。2)50 mg/kg GABA显著提高了蛋壳强度(P<0.05),降低了蛋黄中胆固醇含量的作用较明显(P>0.05),对蛋白高度、哈氏单位也有一定的改善作用(P>0.05)。3)50 mg/kg GABA显著提高了血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性(P<0.05),显著降低了血清丙二醛含量(P<0.05);显著提高了血清中促卵泡激素、雌二醇、三碘甲腺原氨酸、游离三碘甲腺原氨酸含量及免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白A和补体C3含量(P<0.05)。上述结果提示:夏季高温期饲粮中添加GABA可显著提高蛋鸡的抗氧化性能及免疫性能,促进性腺激素及甲状腺激素的分泌,维持内分泌稳定,从而缓解夏季高温对蛋鸡的热应激危害,起到提高产蛋性能和一定程度上改善蛋品质的作用。GABA添加量以50 mg/kg为宜。This study was designed to investigate the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid（GABA） on laying performance and egg quality of laying hens under high temperature in summer,and to study the mechanism of action from antioxidation,immunity and endocrine.Four hundred and eighty 320-day-old Roman hens were randomly divided into five groups with three replicates per group and thirty-two hens per replicate.One group received the basal diet as a control,while the others received the basal diet supplemented with 25,50,75,100 mg/kg GABA as treatments,respectively.The experiment lasted for 60 days.The results showed as follows： 1） laying performance of hens in all treatments was improved（P0.05）,while feed intake was not significantly affected（P0.05）,and 50 mg/kg was the optimal dosage which significantly increased laying rate and average egg weight（P0.05）,and significantly decreased feed/egg ratio（P0.05）.2） 50 mg/kg GABA significantly increased eggshell strength（P0.05）,improved albumen height and Haugh unit（P0.05）,and decreased cholesterol content of egg yolk（P0.05）.3） GABA at 50 mg/kg significantly increased serum GSH-Px and SOD activities（P0.05）,and decreased serum MDA content（P0.05）.It also significantly increased FSH,E2,T3,FT3,IgG,IgA and complement C3 contents in serum（P0.05）.In conclusion,supplementing γ-aminobutyric acid in a diet can effectively improve the laying performance,egg quality and heat stress resistance capability of hens by enhancing the antioxidant capacity,immune function and increasing the secretion of gonadal and thyroid hormones.The optimal dosage of GABA is 50 mg/kg.

关 键 词：GABA 蛋鸡 产蛋性能 内分泌 免疫 抗氧化 热应激 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]