多种杀螨剂对二斑叶螨不同发育阶段的毒力比较及安全性评价  

Toxicities of Seveal Acaricides to Different Development Stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch and Their Safety Evaluations

作　　者：张金勇[1] 涂洪涛[1] 郭小辉[1] 陈汉杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009

出　　处：《农药》2011年第1期65-67,共3页Agrochemicals

基　　金：公益性行业科研专项经费(nyhyzx07-057);国家苹果现代产业技术体系建设(nycytx-008)

摘　　要：[目的]选取14种杀螨剂对二斑叶螨进行了不同发育阶段的室内毒力测定,并对选择毒性进行评价,对防治二斑叶螨药剂的合理使用具有指导意义。[结果]阿维菌素和甲维盐对3种螨态的活性均较高;螺螨酯、噻螨酮等对二斑叶螨卵、若螨均有较强活性(<2 mg/L),但是对成螨活性明显偏低。甲维盐表现出对二斑叶螨成螨的高度选择性,噻螨酮、螺螨酯和浏阳霉素对二斑叶螨若螨态和卵态表现出显著选择性。[结论]甲维盐和浏阳霉素对二斑叶螨活性较高,对天敌安全,可以作为优先选择药剂。[Aims] Toxicities and vertebrate selectivity ratio of 14 acaricides to different development stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch were analyzed. The obtained results have guiding significance for choosing acaricides to control Tetranychus urticae Koch. [Results] Abamectin and emamectin benzoate had relative higher toxicity to different development stages of T. urticae Koch, pyridaben, amitraz and propargite had the low activity to them. Spirodiclofen and hexythiazox had higher toxicity to eggs and nymphs of T. urticae Koch, however, they had lower toxicity to adults. The analysis of the vertebrate selectivity ratio（VSR） of different acaricides showed that emamectin benzoate had the highest selectivity against female adults, spirodiclofen, hexythiazox and liuyangmycin had higher selectivity against eggs and nymphs, pyridaben, amitraz and azocyclotin showed lower selectivity to different development stages of T. urticae Koch. [Conclusions] Emamcctin benzoate and liuyangmycin had higher toxicity to different development stages of T. urticae Koch, safety to natural enemies and that were suggested be used in orchard.

关 键 词：杀螨剂 二斑叶螨 毒力 脊椎动物选择性比值 

分 类 号：S482.52[农业科学—农药学]